Why Study in Australia

Australia is a land of contrasts. It’s the smallest continent and one of the largest countries on earth. It’s situated in the Southern Hemisphere, south east of the Asian continent. Due to Australia’s size and location, its geography is extremely diverse, ranging from the snow-capped mountains of the Australian Alps and Tasmania, to large deserts and tropical and temperate forests.

Australia is divided into six states and two territories. The capital of Australia is Canberra. Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane, Adelaide, and Perth are other popular Australian cities. All six are also amongst the Top 50 QS Best Student Cities. The Economist also lists Sydney, Melbourne, and Adelaide among the world’s 10 best cities to live in.

Australian degrees are highly sought-after by employers across the globe and help open doors to an exciting future for any student. Here’s why.

Get Globally Recognized Education

Australia has one of the best education systems in the world. In fact, the US News 2020 Best Countries for Education Ranking lists Australia as the seventh-best country in the world for education. Universitas 21 (U21) 2020 Ranking of National Higher Education Systems also identifies Australia as having one of the top ten best higher education systems in the world.

Seven Australian universities rank amongst the top 100 universities in the QS World University Rankings 2020. Many other Australian universities are also ranked amongst the top 500 list in reputable rankings, such as Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2021 and Shanghai Ranking’s Academic Ranking of World Universities 2020.

The Australian education system is tightly regulated by the government to maintain its world-renowned, high standard of education. The Education Services for Overseas Students (ESOS) Act further protects international students in Australia and ensure appropriate academic support and excellence.

Improve Job Prospects After Graduation

Australian degrees are recognized and respected globally. Whether the student chooses to apply for work in Australia with a Temporary Graduate Visa, or return to their home country, an Australian education will open many doors for them. The government’s Australian Global Alumni program further helps graduates connect with alumni globally to support their professional growth.

What’s the Cost of Studying in Australia?

Though a worthwhile long-term investment, international education can be expensive. Being aware of all living expenses and budgeting accurately is critical to ensure students will have the financial means to complete their education.

Tuition Fees

The cost of studying in Australia varies by institution and level of study. According to the Government of Australia, annual tuition fees for different types of qualifications are:

*Does not include professional designation courses, such as veterinary and medical.

Living Expenses

In addition to tuition, students must also account for housing, food, transportation, and other day-to-day living expenses. Costs are generally more expensive in bigger cities and will also depend on a student’s lifestyle, choice of accommodations, and spending habits.

The cost of accommodation varies depending on the type a student chooses. According to the Government of Australia, the average housing costs associated with studying in Australia is $110–$280 per week for on-campus accommodation, $95–$215 per week for shared accommodation, $185–$440 per week for private rental accommodation, and $235–$325 per week for homestay.

Other Living Expenses

Students should also ensure that they budget appropriately for groceries and eating out, gas and electricity (if applicable), phone and internet, public transportation, and entertainment.

What’s It Like Living In Australia?

From its high quality of life to its enviable weather, here are just a few reasons why Australia is such an attractive place to live.

A High Quality of Life

Australia and its cities consistently rank amongst the most liveable in the world. The country’s quality of education, healthcare, transportation, infrastructure, and government services rank well above international averages. According to the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Australia offers the second-best quality of life amongst its member countries, which include Canada, the US, the UK, and most other European nations. The US News 2020 Best Countries Ranking also puts Australia amongst the top ten countries in the world overall, and for quality of life specifically. The Economist also ranks three Australian cities—Melbourne, Sydney, and Adelaide—amongst the world’s 10 best cities to live in.

Weather

One of the biggest perks of studying in Australia is its weather! Australia has relatively warm weather all year long, but the actual weather conditions typically vary greatly between regions due to the huge size of the country. The Australian Bureau of Meteorology divides Australia into five climate zones. The northern part of Australia has a more tropical influenced climate, hot and humid in the summer, and quite warm and dry in the winter. The southern parts are cooler with mild summers and cool, sometimes rainy winters.

Since Australia is in the Southern Hemisphere, its seasons are the opposite of those in the north. In other words, when it’s summer in Australia, it’s winter in Canada, the US, India, China, and other countries above the equator, and vice versa.

Transportation

Australia’s renowned public transportation system makes it easy for students to get around the city. All major towns in Australia have reliable, affordable public bus networks. Train lines also connect commuters in and around the five large suburban cities: Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide, and Perth. Trams, ferries, and light-rails are also available in some of the major cities for longer-distance travel. 

Many tertiary institutions offer concessions to subsidize the cost of local public transportation for their students. Students can obtain a discount when they purchase their bus pass.

All Australian cities and towns offer taxi services, but students can also take advantage of less expensive rideshare options, such as Uber, Ola, DiDi, GoCatch, and Taxify. Due to Australia’s large size, people often travel between major cities and states by airplane. All major cities have airports with regularly scheduled flights.

Anyone opting to study abroad in Australia will not only get a truly world-class education, but also an unforgettable, life-changing experience.

Australian People and Culture

Australia is culturally diverse, with residents whose ancestry spans the globe living in each of its regions. This creates a broader culture which can be lively, outdoorsy, and creative.

For example, the city of Melbourne is known as Australia’s cultural capital and is full of museums and art galleries, live music and film venues, and historic Victorian architecture. It also has a rich literary history and a lively food scene.

Australia’s southeastern Gold Coast region is known for its sandy beaches, incredible surfing spots, and thrilling theme parks. Tasmania, an island located off the southeast coast, is one of Australia's smallest states, with one-fifth of its area designated as a World Heritage Area.

Australia’s varied geography, sweeping coastline, and pristine wilderness contribute to many Australians’ love of the outdoors. There’s an abundance of national parks to go kayaking, fishing, and hiking in. Camping in the Australian Outback is an extraordinary adventure, as well.

These are just a few examples of Australia’s distinct cultural heritage. Modern Australian culture has been influenced by its diverse history and geography.

Culture

Australia’s British influence, deep Indigenous roots, and geographical isolation from the rest of the world make its culture distinctive.

Australia’s Indigenous communities, the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, are integral to Australian culture. They first settled over 60,000 years ago and established some of the earliest communities in human history.

Many of these communities maintain their traditional way of life and significantly influence today’s Australian culture. Australia’s Indigenous history, artifacts, art, and symbols are recognized throughout national museums and celebrated with many Indigenous festivals.

There are numerous museums throughout Australia that illuminate the history of Australian Indigenous culture, including the Australian Museum and the National Museum of Australia.

Also, sustainable tours are available to learn more about Indigenous communities and how they’ve influenced Australia’s culture.

Australia’s ties to the UK have heavily influenced its culture as well, across its entertainment industry, food scene, fashion, and sports culture. 

Australia has a vibrant arts scene, spanning theatre, music, and literature. Some of the world’s most prominent actors are from Australia: from Margot Robbie to Cate Blanchett, Hugh Jackman to Russell Crowe, many Australians take centre stage on global screens.

Plus, many famous bands and music artists are Australian. They include AC/DC, Keith Urban, Nick Cave, Crowded House, the Bee Gees, Tame Impala, Sia, and Kylie Minogue. 

Australians often enjoy the arts by visiting many renowned art galleries, or by going to music festivals such as Splendour in the Grass, Laneway, Wildlands, or Meredith Music Festival. Jazz lovers enjoy the Melbourne International Jazz Festival, where country fans flock to Tamworth Country Music Festival.

Locals and visitors and attend performances such as ballets, operas, theatre, live music, or comedy shows at one of the Australia's many performing arts centres. The most famous venue in the country is the Sydney Opera House.

Sports is another great way to enjoy Australian culture. Australians love to gather at live sports venues or bustling pubs to watch cricket, Australian rules football, soccer, rugby, tennis, golf, and more. 

Australians also enjoy participating in sports: in 2024, 66% of surveyed adults were active at least once a week. Incoming students are likely to find lots of sports leagues to join on campus where they can get exercise and make new friends.

Globally renowned sporting events like the Australian Open tennis tournament, the Melbourne Cup thoroughbred horse race, and the Sydney to Hobart yacht race are hosted every year in Australia.

Multiculturalism

Australia’s multicultural population identifies with over 300 different ancestries. Between 1945 and 2020, more than 8.5 million immigrants settled in Australia. 

Almost 32% of the Australian population was born overseas, and nearly every country was represented in Australia’s population as of 2024.

The largest group of overseas-born residents, in 2024, were from England and made up 3.5% of Australia’s population. The next largest population was from India at 3.4%, then China at 2.6%. New Zealand at 2.3% and the Philippines at 1.5% rounded out the top five.

In 2024, the largest international student populations on campuses across Australia were from China, India, Nepal, Vietnam, and the Philippines. 

While Australia has no official language, English functions as the national language and is almost universally spoken. However, Australians speak over 300 languages. Over 50 of these are actively spoken Indigenous languages. Beyond English, other popular languages include Mandarin, Arabic, Cantonese, Vietnamese, Italian, Greek, and Punjabi.

Australia’s multicultural population has inspired diverse food options and infused many different cultural traditions into the Australian way of life. Australia holds a three-day National Multicultural Festival each year in Canberra to celebrate cultural diversity.

Other cultural festivals celebrated throughout Australia include Lunar New Year Festival, Têt, and Diwali. Students can also enjoy a large Oktoberfest festival in Brisbane, or the Greek Festival in Sydney.   

Cuisine

As a modern nation with residents from across the world, Australia’s cuisine reflects its people. Australian food includes dishes inspired by European, Asian, and Middle Eastern cuisines. 

Popular Australian dishes include chicken parmigiana, meat pies, barramundi (a local fish), Vegemite on toast, and Chiko Rolls (a deep-fried pastry filled with a mixture of cabbage, meat, and vegetables). While burgers are also popular in Australia, the traditional toppings are beetroot spread, a slice of pineapple, and a fried egg.

A typical Aussie BBQ might include barbequed snags (sausages), grilled meat and seafood, chips or fries, and fresh salad. Classic Australian desserts include pavlova, lamington cakes, anzac biscuits, fairy bread, and tim tams.

Recently, Australians and tourists alike have sparked interest in traditional Indigenous cuisine called bush tucker or bush food. Bush tucker refers to any plants, fish, or animals native to Australia that Indigenous communities have lived off since coming to Australia. Popular bush tucker dishes include meats like kangaroo, emu, wallaby, fruits like quandong, kutjera, or riberry, yams, warrigal greens, honey, witchetty grubs, bogong moths, and macadamia nuts.

Australia: Regions and Climate

Australia is the smallest continent but the largest island in the world. It lies between the Indian and Pacific Oceans in the Southern Hemisphere.

Australia has six states and two territories, including Tasmania, which is a small island off the country's southeast coast. Australia also administers a number of external territories, including Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Christmas Island, the Cocos or Keeling Islands, the Jervis Bay Territory, the Coral Sea Islands, Heard and McDonald Islands, Norfolk Island, and the Australian Antarctic Territory (around 40% of the Antarctic continent).

Australia's capital city is Canberra, which is located between Sydney and Melbourne in the Australian Capital Territory.

Click the markers to learn more about each state or territory:

A map of Australia showing six major states and two territories including Tasmania. 

Climate and Weather

Australia is located in the Southern Hemisphere, so the seasons happen at the opposite time of year compared to countries in the Northern Hemisphere. For example, when it’s winter in India or the UK, it’s summertime in Australia.

There are four seasons in Australia, but it’s generally warm year-round. That said, the weather and climate still varies between states.

Winters in some states are also known as the dry season (April to September), making summers the wet season (October to March). Temperatures tend to be slightly warmer in the north and slightly colder in the south.

The History of Education in Australia

Over 200 years ago, as the colonies grew in size and strength, the first schools were established in New South Wales where children of all ages were taught.

After community schools expanded across the colonies, Australia adopted a more regimented school system. Private schools with religious denominations started cropping up by the mid-1800s, and the first grammar and high-profile private schools were established.

By 1850, many Australian colonies introduced compulsory public education for Australian children.

As Australia’s population and economy continued to grow, there was a need for higher education in Australia, so that young students could complete their education without travelling back to Europe or North America.

Australia’s first university, the University of Sydney, was established in 1850, followed closely by the University of Melbourne in 1853. Just two more universities were established in Australia before Federation: the University of Adelaide in 1874, and the University of Tasmania in 1890.

Soon after Australia became an independent nation, two more universities were established: the University of Queensland in 1909, and the University of Western Australia in 1911.

All six of these universities were modelled after the British university system and adopted traditional educational practices from Britain. About 10,300 degree-pursuing students were enrolled across all six universities per year in the pre-WWII period.

After World War II, the demand for higher education in Australia accelerated. The federal government accordingly recognized the value of education in relation to economic growth and increased higher education financing.

The Australian National University (ANU) was established in 1946 as a research-only institution, and higher education sector continued to grow. By 1975, 148,000 students were enrolled at 19 universities across Australia. Today, 44 universities and numerous publicly funded colleges across Australia provide high-quality education across various fields of study.

Australia’s Group of Eight are all research-intensive universities which are often compared to the UK's Russell Group or the US' Ivy League. Its members consistently rank within the world's top 100 universities.

The Group of Eight members are:

• University of Western Australia
• University of Sydney
• Monash University
• University of Adelaide
• Australian National University
• University of Melbourne
• University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney
• University of Queensland

Australia's student body is one of the most diverse in the world. In 2022, 23% of all post-secondary students in Australia were international students.

The Australian Government and Economy

Australia is made up of six different states and two territories.

Australia’s representative democracy means that the citizens of Australia choose candidates to represent them in parliament. Federal elections happen approximately every three years to select members of parliament who make and pass laws on behalf of Australians.

Australia’s constitutional monarchy means that while the British monarch is the head of state, they don’t have absolute power and must follow the Australian constitution. The current head of state is King Charles III. The head of state elects a governor general in Australia to act on their behalf.

Australia’s federation of states describes how the six British colonies came together in 1901 to create an independent and unified county: Australia.

Each colony became an Australian state, and the federal parliament was created to govern the country on matters of national interest, like defence, immigration, trade, and foreign affairs.

The Australian Constitution outlines how the federal and state governments share law-making powers. Every Australian law must be in accordance with the Australian constitution.

Governance in Australia is split across the following three levels: 

• Federal parliament
• State and territory parliaments
• Local councils, or shires, across Australian communities

These three levels of government work together to create appropriate laws and provide Australians with services and safety.

The constitution also defines how these levels of government are split up. Each level has a legislative branch, an executive branch, and a judicial branch. Each branch works within the scope of their responsibilities to keep the other branches in check.

Let's learn more about the three branches of Australian government:

The Australian Economy 

Australia is a highly developed country with a thriving mixed economy. Its strong service industries and natural resources have made Australia’s economy incredibly resilient and stable.

In 2024, Australia was the thirteenth largest national economy by GDP (Gross Domestic Product) valued at US$1.9 trillion. It has the sixth-freest economy in the world.  

Australia on the World Stage

Also known as the Land Down Under, Australia is a remote yet highly developed country with distinct geography and culture that holds a unique place on the world stage. The country is rich in natural resources and has strong service, agricultural, and mining industries.

Many Australians experience a high quality of life. Culturally, Australia is known globally for its vast Outback, showstopping national parks, lively beach culture, and outdoorsy lifestyle. With a population density of 3.35 people per square kilometer, Australia is one of the least densely populated countries in the world.

Australia's exceptional way of life has made it a popular destination for films and TV shows. Also, Australia has made a significant contribution to arts and culture all over the world through its music, literature, and arts.

Australia is a member of several international organizations, including:

• ASEAN Regional Forum
• Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
• The Group of Twenty (G20)
• The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)
• The United Nations
• The World Bank
• The World Trade Organization (WTO)

Primary and Secondary Education

Australia has a highly developed education system. It includes primary, secondary (including senior secondary), and tertiary (post-secondary) education. Students may choose from a variety of educational institutions, learning environments, qualified teachers, and specialized courses.

The Australian education system is regulated at the state/territory level of government. Each state and territory government has a department of education. This department sets education policies, distributes funding, and updates high-level curriculum across the state. It's also responsible for assessing and certifying students from publicly funded schools after graduation, and accrediting courses.

The federal government provides additional funding and analyzes current national school policies to help ensure the education system is cohesive and consistent across the country. 

There are many types of K-12 schools in Australia. Students can choose between government (public) schools, or non-government schools like faith-based or private institutions. Montessori or Steiner schools, with curriculum based on experiential learning and teaching children how to connect with their environment, provide additional options.

All Australian schools must adhere to policies and curriculum set by the state or territorial government.

Primary and secondary education is mandatory for all Australian children until they complete Year 10. Primary and secondary education starts in preparatory school, or kindergarten, and is mandatory until finishing Year 10. Some students continue to senior secondary school for an additional two years.

Young children aged three to five may go to preschool, if desired. Preschool prepares young children for success in their primary education years.

Primary and secondary school years begin in late January or early February and end in mid-December, though specific timing varies depending on the state or territory. Most schools have three to four terms (or semesters) per year with time off after each term.

Secondary Education

In the first year or two, all students take a general course of studies. In later years, students enrol in core subjects and electives.

Secondary education builds on students' learnings from primary school. Curriculum and subject offerings may vary by state and school type.

After completing Year 10, students must participate in further education, training, or employment until they're 17 years old.

Senior Secondary Education

After completing Year 12, senior secondary graduates receive a Senior Secondary Certificate of Education. These certificates are recognized Australian Qualifications Framework(opens in a new tab) (AQF) qualifications, and allow students to attend university or vocational education and training (VET), or enter the workforce.

Australian Tertiary Admission Rank (ATAR)

Australian students who intend to enrol at a university must qualify for an Australian Tertiary Admission Rank (ATAR). The ATAR is a percentile ranking between 0.00 and 99.95 that scores a student’s academic achievement relative to their peers.

Australian universities use ATAR to assess a student's eligibility for undergrad courses. While how ATAR is calculated can vary, the rank is nationally recognized and standardized by tertiary admission centres. 

International students' postsecondary applications are assessed using their national credentials (not ones from Australian schools).

In some cases, incoming international students may have to convert their grades to an ATAR equivalent.

Types of Schools

Government Schools

Government schools, also known as public schools, are free for Australian citizens and permanent residents. International students must pay tuition and non-tuition fees to attend public schools.

In 2024, around 2.6 million students were enrolled in government schools, representing 63% of total enrolments.

While tuition at government schools is free for Australian citizens and permanent residents, all students' families typically pay for uniforms (where applicable), textbooks, stationery, sports, and extracurricular activities.

Government schools are run by their state or territory governments, and must deliver the Australian Curriculum (Foundation to Year 10 or F-10) as set by that government. These schools are designed to include high-tech classrooms, modern labs, large libraries, and qualified teachers. Distance education and homeschooling options are available in some areas.

Students can also enrol in extracurricular sports or clubs that support their skills and interests. Some government schools provide boarding facilities and offer single-sex educational environments.

Non-Government Schools

Non-government schools must adhere to state and territorial authority and curriculum, but they aren’t operated by their respective governments. These non-government schools include faith-based schools such as Catholic or Islamic schools, independent schools, and Montessori or Steiner schools.

Faith-Based Schools

Australia has a high concentration of faith-based non-government schools where students learn about and practice their faith. These schools receive some government funding.

Religious education in schools is typically overseen by an official religious institution. For example, many Catholic schools are overseen by their local parish or diocese. 

Faith-based non-government schools also include Islamic schools, Jewish schools, and a variety of Christian denomination schools. They may generally accept international students at the primary and secondary levels.

In 2024, Catholic schools were the largest faith-based school category, teaching 20% of all students. Meanwhile, total enrolments in independent non-government schools, many of which have faith-based elements, grew to 17% of total student numbers. This reflects an increased diversification in faith-based learning.

Independent Schools

Independent schools operate separately from their state or territory government, though they must adhere to established government curriculum and policies. An elected board of governors is responsible for the school's operation. International students are welcome at independent schools across Australia as long as the school is registered with CRICOS. 

Independent schools are growing in popularity. In 2024, over 690,000 students attended independent schools in Australia, up 19% over the last five years.

Independent schools include faith-based and special-purpose schools, indigenous remote community schools, and most Australian boarding schools. Each independent school receives some government funding. Schools may receive additional funding depending on their size, location, and student body.

Tuition fees vary by school, and are typically different for domestic and international students. To learn more about these schools, visit Independent Schools Australia(opens in a new tab).

Montessori and Steiner Schools

Founded by Dr. Maria Montessori in the early twentieth century, Montessori schools focus on education as an aid to life.

The Montessori method embraces children’s natural inclination to learn. Classrooms give students the opportunity to engage in spontaneous learning. The Montessori approach aims to foster students’ self-motivation, discipline, and joy in their education. Students progress at their own pace and can be a Montessori student until age 18.

To learn more about Montessori schools, visit Montessori Australia.(opens in a new tab) 

The Steiner approach to education was established by Rudolf Steiner in 1919 and focuses on fostering the human spirit in children and young adults.

Steiner schools foster moral growth, social consciousness, and citizenship in their students through a creative and holistic approach. Schools are often located in natural environments and are grounded in spiritual, artistic, practical and intellectual work. The Steiner approach embraces self-directed learning and play to encourage joyful and purposeful learning throughout a student’s education. 

To learn more about Steiner schools, visit Steiner Education Australia.(opens in a new tab) 

Learning Environment and Curriculum

Students in all Australian schools learn in an engaging environment that follows specific education standards.

While the curriculum may be slightly different depending on the type of school, all Australian teachers use teaching methods which encourage active learning.

Teaching and Learning Style

In class, teachers use a combination of instruction, independent research, group project work, visual presentations, and interactive learning activities.

Teachers also bring their classes on field trips to parks, museums, or other places of interest for hands-on learning. 

At the K-12 level, student performance is regularly assessed. Students complete research projects, write essays and book reports, work on team presentations, and use technology like slideshows or podcasts. Also, students take set tests to assess their learning against national and state-wide standards.

Students are encouraged to actively participate in class discussions, ask questions, and voice their opinions when appropriate.

Classroom Environment

Australian classrooms aim to create a flexible, functional space that encourages active learning. Many schools have technologically advanced learning aids like Smart Boards, and students have access to computers and the Internet.  

Classroom sizes are usually under thirty students to ensure teachers provide adequate support for each student. Programs for exceptional students are available, as are classes for students who need more academic support. 

Curriculum 

There are two sets of government-established curriculum in Australia: 

• F-10 curriculum(opens in a new tab): what students learn from Foundation year to Year Ten
• Senior secondary curriculum(opens in a new tab): for the last two years of secondary education

The latest Australian Curriculum was launched in 2022(opens in a new tab). It made significant updates to the F-10 curriculum, and set expectations for what all students should be taught, regardless of their location, in Australia.

F-10 Curriculum

The F-10 curriculum focuses on providing students with knowledge across a broad range of subjects, while helping them become successful learners and critical thinkers.

F-10 focuses on developing skills and knowledge in:

• •English
• •Mathematics
• •Science
• •Health and Physical Education
• •Arts
• •Technologies
• •Languages

Curriculum in each subject is tailored to match the expected skills and knowledge of students in that year. Performance assessment varies by subject.

Senior Secondary Curriculum

This curriculum includes fifteen different subjects across four core subject areas.

Students can focus on their areas of interest and select elective classes as long as their class list fulfills the requirements for graduation. Let's take a closer look at the four core subject areas:

International Baccalaureate Program

The International Baccalaureate (IB) program is  offered in primary and secondary schools worldwide.

IB programs have been offered at qualified schools across Australia since 1978.

Students from ages 3 to 19 have an IB program tailored to their needs. Each program challenges students to excel academically while developing intercultural understanding and respect. 

There are four age-specific IB programs: 

• Primary Years Program (ages 3 to 12)
• Middle Years Program (ages 11 to 16)
• Diploma Program (ages 16 to 19)
• Career-Related Program (ages 16 to 19)

Did You Know?
The IB program is only offered at schools that complete a rigorous authorization process. All IB-level teachers must complete a specialized qualification process.

Both the Primary and Middle Years programs focus on giving students a solid academic and interpersonal foundation where they learn to become caring, active individuals who think critically, and apply their knowledge to the world around them.

The Diploma Program (DP) is designed to prepare students for demanding university coursework. The DP teaches core subjects that are at the university level, as well as subjects in the theory of knowledge, creativity, activity, and service fields. Many IB students also write an extended essay as part of the DP.

The Career-Related Program is designed for students who want to build career-ready skills, and can lead to further education, employment, or apprenticeships.

The IB program is rigorous and respected worldwide. Many universities allow IB graduates to transfer their IB course results to first year university credits, if students' grades met at least a set minimum level.

Many Australian universities accept IB diploma results instead of Year Twelve qualifications. Sometimes, IB results can be used instead of a student’s Australian Tertiary Admission Rank (ATAR) score for admission.

IB students often outperform their peers, have strong critical thinking and cultural awareness skills, and are better prepared to engage with others in an increasingly globalized world.

Graduation and Commencement

Usually, students graduate at age 17 or 18 from Year 12 of senior secondary school. Graduation is an exciting time for Year 12 students because many are preparing for tertiary education or employment.

Most Year Twelve students work towards their Australian Tertiary Admission Rank (ATAR) score up until their graduation. Along with the student’s graduation certificate, ATAR scores are required to access tertiary (post-secondary) education.

ATAR Scores

ATAR scores are required for most Australian students to apply to tertiary education courses. A high ATAR score makes a student’s tertiary education application more competitive because all Australian public universities use this score for undergraduate admissions.

ATAR scores are calculated by determining a student’s performance relative to all other students ages 16 to 20 in their graduating year. Students receive a percentile ranking from 0.00 to 99.95 to indicate their overall position.

While ATAR scores are calculated and reported by each individual state or territory, the value of ATAR scores are standardized across Australia. For example, an ATAR of 98 for a student from Victoria and an ATAR of 98 from a student in Tasmania represent the same competency levels.

Graduation

Graduation from senior secondary school is celebrated at all Australian schools. Many schools put on formals, an event similar to a North American prom, where students get dressed up, take lots of photos, and attend a school-organized celebration.

Commencement ceremonies take place on the day of graduation with family and friends in attendance, often at the school. Students wear a cap and gown and receive their graduation certificate. 

After graduation, students can pursue tertiary education at a university or a technical and further educational institution (TAFE), or enter the workforce.

Many Year 12 graduates continue their education immediately after senior secondary school. Most pursue further study or training within the first year of graduation.

Did You Know?

2024 data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics noted that the majority of Australians aged 15 to 24 were pursuing full-time education, working, or studying and working(opens in a new tab).

The Australian Post-Secondary Education System

The post-secondary education system, also known as tertiary education in Australia, is made up of universities, Technical and Further Education institutions (TAFEs), and other academic institutions that award Australian Qualification Framework (AQF) qualifications. We'll learn more about how AQF works below.

In Australia, academic programs are sometimes called courses. Australian institutions offer many courses, such as arts, humanities, law, commerce, science, and engineering.

Post-Secondary Education Study Levels

Tertiary education has two streams: Vocational and Education Training (VET) and higher education (which includes universities).

VET courses are focused on providing students with practical and technical skills for specific occupations, or preparing them for further education. These qualifications can be a pathway to pursuing higher education.

Meanwhile, higher education is more academically focused. University-level courses emphasize research and theoretical knowledge in a specific field of study.

Students can choose either VET or university courses that suit their career and academic goals.

Accreditation and Quality Assurance

The post-secondary education system is regulated by the Australian government and independent agencies. This helps to ensure confidence in the quality and integrity of academic qualifications.

Let's learn about some of the entities and laws which govern and review education in Australia:

TEQSA

The Tertiary Education Quality and Standards Agency (TEQSA) is Australia's national regulatory agency for higher education. It monitors and regulates higher education providers (universities) against a set of standards established by the Higher Education Standards Framework.

All organizations that offer higher education qualifications in Australia must be registered with TEQSA.

All university courses must be accredited by TEQSA before they're made available to students.

ASQA

The Australian Skills Quality Authority (ASQA) fills a similar role as TEQSA, but for VET and language courses.

ASQA regulates, registers, and accredits VET courses and training providers to ensure national standards are met.

ASQA also regulates English language courses to ensure training providers equip students with the competencies, skills, and knowledge they need.

QILT

The Quality Indicators for Learning and Teaching (QILT) collect real-time feedback from current and former students, enabling comparisons between HEIs based on teaching quality, student experience, and graduate outcomes.

ESOS

International students' rights are protected by law under the Education Services for Overseas Students framework(opens in a new tab) (ESOS). This framework ensures students receive a quality education experience and are treated fairly during their studies.

Key ESOS guidelines:

• Only registered institutions can enrol international students
• Students receive clear course, fee, and refund information
• Tuition protection is offered if a course can't be delivered
• Share ongoing updates to improve student safety and visa integrity

Australian Qualifications Framework (AQF)

The AQF is a national policy that guides what academic qualifications look like, from higher education and VET to the school-leaving certificate (Senior Secondary Certificate of Education). It is administered by the Department of Education.

• AQF qualifications focus on flexible learning, achieving specific learning outcomes, and helping students prepare for further study or entering the workforce.
• There are 10 AQF levels(opens in a new tab) that correspond to different school, vocational, and university education qualifications.
• AQF qualifications are quality assured and accredited by TEQSA and ASQA.
• Each AQF level is defined by the complexity, breadth, and depth of the set learning outcomes. General learning outcomes include knowledge, skills, and how students apply their knowledge. Each qualification type also has a volume of learning, which is the number of years of full-time study it takes to earn the qualification.
• This system allows students to move easily from one level of study to the next and transfer between institutions.

Course Types and Designations

Australian post-secondary institutions issue a wide range of qualifications at the VET,  undergraduate, and postgraduate levels.

VET Courses and Qualifications

Certificate I (Australian Qualifications Framework, or AQF, Level 1)
Certificate I courses prepare students for achieving a basic level of functional knowledge and skills in a narrow area of work or learning. These courses usually take six months to a year to complete.

Certificate II (AQF Level 2)
Certificate II courses are more technical and give students the factual, technical, and procedural knowledge they'll need for specific work or a particular learning context. Certificate II courses typically take six months to a year to complete.

Certificate III (AQF Level 3)
Certificate III courses lead to skilled work or further education. These courses provide students with the technical, procedural, and theoretical skills for a broader field of work or learning.

Many Australian apprenticeships lead to a Certificate III. These courses are usually full-time and last one to two years.

Certificate IV (AQF Level 4)
Certificate IV students acquire a broad knowledge base, including technical and theoretical knowledge in a field of study. Course material at this level is often more specialized.

This qualification can lead to work or further education. Courses take from six months to two years to complete.

Undergraduate Courses and Qualifications

Diploma

AQF Level 5: Diploma courses are applied academic courses which prepare students for paraprofessional work (like an assistant to a teacher or doctor). These courses usually take one to two years of full-time study. 

Students who graduate from diploma courses can continue into the workplace or proceed to higher education.

Often, up to one year of credit from a diploma can be counted towards a related bachelor’s degree. The diploma is also offered as a VET qualification.

Advance Diploma

AQF Level 6: These courses prepare students for paraprofessional work, advanced skilled work, or further study. Students gain broad theoretical and technical knowledge in either a specialization or a broader field of work.

Advanced diploma courses usually take one-and-a-half to two years of full-time study. Students with an advanced diploma can continue into the workplace or take further higher education. 

One to two years of credit from an advanced diploma can be granted toward a related bachelor’s degree. The advanced diploma is also offered as a VET qualification.

Associate Degree

AQF Level 6: Associate degrees prepare students for paraprofessional work or further study. An associate degree is more academically focused compared to an advanced diploma, which emphasizes vocational or specific occupational skills.

Associate degree courses are usually full-time and take two years. Students acquire technical and theoretical knowledge. 

Graduates can continue into the workplace or proceed to further education with up to two years of credit from their associate degree granted toward a related bachelor’s degree. 

Bachelor's Degree

AQF Level 7: Bachelor’s degree courses include developing knowledge and skills in one or more specializations. Courses focus on critical analysis skills, research, problem-solving techniques, and knowledge development. Bachelor’s degree courses prepare students for postgraduate studies or professional work.

The length of the degree may vary. Arts and science degrees are usually three or four years of full-time study, while professional degrees can take three to six years.

Students may also enrol in a double or combined bachelor’s degree course, which allows them to graduate with two bachelor’s degrees. These courses are most common in arts, science, law, and commerce, and take at least four years to complete.

Postgraduate Courses and Qualifications

Graduate Certificate (AQF Level 8)

Graduate certificate courses prepare students for professional or highly skilled work, or for further specialized learning. 

These courses emphasize theoretical and technical knowledge in a new or existing field or professional area. Graduate certificate courses usually require one or two semesters of full-time study.

Students may also earn a graduate certificate if they take postgraduate studies, but do not fully complete the course.

Graduate Diploma (AQF Level 8)

Graduate diploma courses prepare students for professional work, highly skilled work, or further study. The difference between a graduate certificate and a graduate diploma is that a diploma covers a wider breadth of knowledge compared to a certificate, which is more specialized.

The skills that are emphasized in a graduate diploma course are advanced theoretical and technical knowledge in an existing specialization or area of professional practice, or the development of new professional or vocational skills.

Master's Degree (AQF Level 9)

All master’s degrees include developing one's research methods and skills, and students must complete a substantial piece of research, a research-based project, a capstone experience, or a professionally-focused project.

Most master's degrees take one or two years of full-time study to complete, and require the earlier completion of a bachelor's degree. There are three types of master's degrees in Australia:

• Research master’s degrees focus on advanced knowledge for research, scholarships, and further learning. Courses are usually at least two-thirds research with a substantial thesis component. 
• Coursework master’s degrees provide students with advanced knowledge for professional practice and further study.
• Extended master’s degrees are designed to give students advanced knowledge to prepare for professional practice and further study. They usually take three to four years of full-time study to complete.

Master's courses usually involve time for structured learning and time dedicated to independent research.

Doctoral Degree (AQF Level 10)

Doctoral degrees, also known as doctorate degrees, are the highest level of academic achievement. These courses focus on a critical understanding of complex fields of study and highly specialized research skills.

Students undertake research that contributes to new knowledge in their field of study, or which adds a new adaptation, application, or interpretation to existing knowledge.

All doctoral degrees require students to complete a thesis or dissertation, which is examined by two or three academic experts. Courses usually require three to four years of full-time study.

Vocational Education Training (VET)

Vocational Education Training (VET) allows students to gain high-quality, nationally recognized training. It’s a great option for students who are looking to directly enter the workforce or take the first step in their tertiary education journey.

These courses are usually in a specialized discipline that teaches students the skills they'll need to succeed in their industry. VET is based on partnerships between governments and industries. To ensure all students receive high-quality education and training, all VET courses are regulated by the Australian Skills Quality Authority (ASQA).

Australia’s VET sector encourages flexible learning, so courses can be taken in schools, in the workplace, or through Registered Training Organizations (RTOs).

About VET Qualifications

• VET qualifications are provided by government-run and private Technical and Further Education (TAFE) institutions. TAFEs can be large institutions that offer many vocational training courses. Some TAFEs are affiliated with universities, so students can easily transfer credits or earn a bachelor’s degree. 
• Courses may be taken full-time, part-time, online, or through distance learning, apprenticeships, or traineeships.
• VET qualifications focus on specific learning outcomes and occupational skills.
• Students can earn Certificates I, II, III, IV, a diploma, or an advanced diploma.
• Many VET courses include on-site training, providing students with work experience.

A Closer Look at How VET Courses Work

The complexity of course materials increases at higher levels of study. Also, the course length will vary depending on the material, study level, and type of study (full- or part-time).

Typically, full-time certificate courses may be completed in 4 to 18 months, but diploma courses usually take around 2 years.

After students complete a VET course, they may progress to further VET studies, higher education, or employment.

The AQF allows students to apply credits earned via VET to other higher education courses. The number of credits students may transfer will depend on their course level, length, and content. For example, students may be granted a whole year of credit, or they may be exempt from specific units in their next course.

Australian Universities

Australian universities regularly rank high for their:

• Quality of education
• Student satisfaction levels
• Global reputation
• Research excellence
• Collaborations with government, industry, and international partners

Universities in Australia may award bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees. They may also offer qualifications like associate degrees and advanced diplomas.

Australian universities are among the world's best in fields of study like computer science, engineering, accounting and finance, medicine, dentistry, law, and education.

Many universities have thriving partnerships with public (government) and private (business) sector organizations. These partners also collaborate on and invest considerably in research institutes and international research partnerships.

Australian universities are regulated by the Australian Government's Tertiary Education Quality and Standards Agency (TEQSA).

TEQSA uses a set of standards developed by the Higher Education Standards Panel to monitor overall education quality.

Top Universities in Australia

*Times Higher Education - World University Rankings 2025(opens in a new tab)

Signature Course Offerings

Some Australian universities offer degrees in highly specialized courses of study. Here are a few of the unique courses students can take:

• •Marine and Antarctic Science at the University of Tasmania
• •Agribusiness at the University of Queensland
• •Indigenous Knowledges at Charles Darwin University
• •Marine Science at James Cook University
• •Aviation at the University of New South Wales
• •Viticulture and Oenology at the University of Adelaide
• •Counter Terrorism at Macquarie University
• •Exercise and Sports Performance at Bond University
• •Animal Health at Murdoch University

Undergraduate (Bachelor's) Courses

Bachelor’s degrees in Australia are internationally recognized qualifications that provide students with foundational knowledge and critical skills. They may be offered by public or private universities. These courses typically take three to five years of full-time study to complete, and are aligned with Levels 7 and 8 of the Australian Qualifications Framework (AQF).

In Australia, students can pursue a generalist degree (like a Bachelor of Arts or Science) or take a professionally oriented degree (like a Bachelor of Nursing, Education, or Engineering). Professional degrees, such as Medicine or Veterinary Science, may take longer—typically five to six years—due to additional training and clinical placements required by professional bodies.

Postgraduate Study

Australian universities are known for their rigorous coursework, research programs, and industry-aligned learning.

Many postgraduate degrees in Australia allow students to study full-time, part-time, or online. Courses with flexible timing and delivery are appealing to both domestic and international learners.

Let's look at the different kinds of postgraduate courses in Australia:

Graduate Certificates and Graduate Diplomas

Graduate certificates typically take one semester (four to six months) of full-time study. They teach targeted knowledge in a specific discipline and are often used for upskilling or career changes.

Graduate diplomas usually require two semesters (8 to 12 months) of full-time study. They cover a broader range of content than certificates and may lead directly into a master’s degree with credit.

Both qualifications are aligned with AQF Level 8 and are designed for students who already hold a bachelor’s degree or have extensive professional experience.

Master's Degrees

Australian master's degrees are all classified under AQF Level 9. They're offered in three distinct formats:

Coursework

Master's by coursework degrees take one to two years of full-time study to complete.

This is the most common master's degree option for international students. Students build advanced knowledge, and may practice their learnings in a professional setting. Many coursework master's degrees involve a research component like a thesis or capstone project.

Research

Master's by research degrees usually take one to two years of full-time study to complete.

These courses typically involve supervised research and a significant thesis component. They are best for students considering a PhD or a career in academia.

Extended

Extended master's degrees may take between three and four years of full-time study to complete.

Designed for professional practice in regulated fields (like law, medicine, or physiotherapy). Because these courses align with professional accreditation standards, they take longer to complete than the other types of master's degrees.

Doctoral Degrees

Doctoral degrees represent the highest academic qualification in Australia and are aligned with AQF Level 10. Generally, they take three to four years of full-time study to complete. Doctorates are offered in academic (PhD) and professional formats (e.g., Doctor of Education, Doctor of Business Administration), depending on the field of study.

All doctoral students undertake independent, original research that contributes new knowledge or significantly advances understanding in their chosen field.

Most courses include a substantial thesis or dissertation. Candidates are supported by ongoing expert academic supervision.

Pathway Courses

English Language Courses

Post-secondary courses in Australia are taught in English, so students must have a strong understanding of the English language. 

English language programs are regulated by ASQA. Regulation helps to ensure all students receive high-quality instruction.

Some incoming international students may receive a conditional offer of admission to a course that requires them to complete an English Language Intensive Course for Overseas Students (ELICOS) first. ELICOS are designed for students who require more English language training before beginning their main course of study in Australia.

There are several accredited ELICOS centres across the country, many of which are affiliated with a university, TAFE institute, or secondary school.

Other English language courses include:

• English for Specific Purposes (ESP)
• General English
• English Language Exam Preparation (e.g., TOEFL, IELTS)
• English for Academic Purposes

Foundation Studies

If students don’t meet the academic requirements for a degree course, they can enrol in a Foundation Studies course first.

Many schools, VET colleges, and universities offer Foundation Studies courses. Foundation Studies courses are typically a one-year intensive course that gives students the skills they need to enter an undergraduate degree course. 

These courses may be split into streams based on the students subject of interest or intended major, and include both compulsory and elective courses.

English language support is usually available as part of a Foundation Studies course. These courses help students settle into life in Australia and get accustomed to the Australian higher education system. 

Another option for students who don’t meet the academic requirements for a degree course is completing a diploma or advanced diploma course where admissions requirements are more flexible, first. Students may be able to transfer the credits they earned with their diploma to an undergraduate degree. Up to one year of credits can usually be transferred.

Bridging and Enabling Courses

Bridging and enabling courses are usually short intensive courses that can take a few weeks to a few months to complete. These courses can provide a pathway to degree studies if students don’t have the specific subject prerequisites or adequate English language skills yet.

Bridging courses are offered for a variety of subjects, including English, mathematics, chemistry, and biology.

K-12 Admissions Requirements

Each of the Australian states and territories have similar kindergarten to Year Twelve (K–12) international student  admission requirements with only a few differences.

All international students wishing to study at an Australian K-12 school must have a valid Student visa (Subclass 500), and they must adhere to their visa conditions while studying. We’ll learn more about student visas in the next section of this course.

All students must also ensure their school is Commonwealth Register of Institutions and Courses for Overseas Students(opens in a new tab) (CRICOS)-registered. CRICOS is a government accreditation that allows Australian education providers to offer courses to international students. CRICOS-registered schools must meet specific standards to receive this accreditation.

To enrol, incoming international K-12 students also generally require the following:

• A valid passport
• Certified copies of the students’ report cards from the last two years
• Overseas Student Health Cover (OSHC) documents
  (Every international student studying in Australia must get this health coverage, which covers basic medical and hospital costs)
• Evidence of adequate accommodation, and (for students under 18) welfare arrangements
• Evidence of English proficiency: either adequate English language test results (IELTS and TOEFL are the most commonly accepted) or evidence of a student's enrolment at a school where all subjects were taught in English for at least two years
• Certified English translations of all supporting documents, if required
• Application for a CRICOS-registered school

Admissions Process

The admission process varies depending on the type of school:

• For government schools: Parents or guardians generally apply through the Department of Education in the state or territory where the school is located. Each state's Department of Education manages international student programs and applications.
• For private schools: International students typically apply directly to the individual private school, which will have its own admissions process, application forms, and requirements.

If a student's English proficiency isn't at the level for admission to a K-12 school, preparation programs can improve their language skills.

English Language Requirements: Alternative Options

Primary School Preparation

For international students preparing for primary school, English language programs (often called 'Young Learners Programs' or 'Primary Preparation Programs') are designed to build incoming international students' English proficiency before full integration into an Australian K-12 school.

These programs improve the learners' English language skills, and introduce students to the Australian culture and lifestyle. Students receive focused instruction and support to prepare them for the academic and cultural aspects of student life.

Programs differ slightly by state or territory. Contact the state's Department of Education for Young Learners Program options.

High School Preparation

High School Preparation programs are for international students who’d like to study at the secondary or senior secondary level, but who must improve their English language skills before enrolling. 

These programs typically include classes focusing on academic English (English for mathematics, English for science, academic writing, or public speaking). Students receive one-to-one support from instructors and are assessed regularly to ensure their readiness for Australian secondary school.

High School Preparation programs differ slightly by state or territory. Contact the state/territory Department of Education for more information on its High School Preparation programs.

Post-Secondary Admissions Requirements

International student admissions requirements will vary by academic institution and course.

How to Apply 

Before applying to an Australian higher education institution (HEI), students need to decide which institutions they'd like to apply to. It's important to research HEIs to ensure they offer the courses the student is interested in.

Keep these factors in mind while researching:

• Course options suited to students' academic interests
• The TAFE or university’s location
• Housing options 
• Tuition and cost of living expenses
• Scholarship opportunities
• Internship or co-op opportunities
• Extracurricular activities

Once students have decided which institutions they’d like to apply to, it’s time to gather the necessary documents and fill out the course application forms.

The application process includes making sure the student satisfies their course admission requirements, submitting all required documents, and paying an application fee.

Course (Program) Selection

In Australia, programs are sometimes referred to as courses. Course selection is an important part of the success factor for post-secondary study and Student visa applications.

The student's chosen course must be registered with the Commonwealth Register of Institutions and Courses for Overseas Students (CRICOS). To confirm a course is registered, search for it on the CRICOS website(opens in a new tab).

Some courses are linked to Australia's Medium and Long-term Strategic Skills List (MLTSSL).

This is a Skilled Occupation list(opens in a new tab) defined and regularly updated by the federal government in an effort to meet future industry needs.

It also helps to guide areas of demand for immigration purposes.

Australia's labour market insights currently indicate strong demand in industries like:

• Healthcare and Social Assistance
• Education and Training
• Construction
• Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services (which includes many engineering roles)

To comply with the Genuine Student (GS) requirement criteria, an applicant must demonstrate their Student visa will be used for education purposes.

It is especially important that postgraduate students in certain academic streams consider their course of study carefully. For example, if a student has conditions 8203 or 8204(opens in a new tab) attached to their student visa, their ability to undertake or change their course of study, thesis, or research topic isn't permitted without the written approval of the Australian Minister for Home Affairs.

Gather Required Documents

Application documents often include:

• Original and translated copies of transcripts
• Proof of graduation from Year 12 or equivalent
• Reference letters
• A statement of purpose
• A passport
• Personal essays (as required)
• Proof of English-language proficiency (IELTS, TOEFL) or past education

Prepare Genuine Student (GS) Requirement Response

While the GS Requirement(opens in a new tab) is part of the student visa process, some institutions may ask students to share their responses to the GS questions or participate in an interview guided by the GS requirement during their academic admissions process.

This is done to help ensure applicants intend to pursue studies in Australia. GS responses may be required when prospective students apply, or after a conditional offer of admission is extended.

Submit Application

After gathering the necessary documents (and translations if required), prospective students should submit their application before their intake deadline.

Receive Admissions Decision

The institution reviews the potential student's application and issues a decision letter based on the student's qualifications. Students can receive the following decisions:

• Acceptance: The institution has admitted the student to the course.
• Rejection: The institution has refused the student admittance to the course.
• Course Closure: The course has been closed and is no longer considering applications.
• Waitlisted: The institution has placed the student on a waitlist for admission and may decide to admit the student in the future.

Understand Decision Letter Conditions

Some students are accepted with a full Letter of Acceptance (LOA) that admits the student without conditions. Others receive a LOA with a conditional offer of acceptance.

A conditional offer means the student will be admitted to their course as long as they fulfil the conditions outlined in the LOA.

Students with a conditional LOA might also have to participate in an English language program, either before or while they’re enrolled in their main course.

Apply for a Student Visa

Once student applicants receive their Confirmation of Enrolment (CoE) letter, they can apply for their student visa. Note that students with a conditional LOA must resolve any conditions on their LOA before they can apply for a student visa.

VET Admission Requirements

Specific admission requirements for each Vocational Education and Training (VET) course can vary depending on the course material and institution.

Many VET courses don't require international students to have an Australian Senior Secondary Certificate of Education or equivalent, which makes this form of Australian education more accessible.

Here's a high-level look at VET academic requirements by certification level:

• Certificate I and Certificate II: Students can generally enrol in these entry-level courses without any prerequisites.
• Certificate III: Entry requirements vary by subject area. Some courses require completion of Year 10 or an equivalent qualification, while others don't have academic prerequisites.
• Certificate IV: Admission requirements vary by subject area. Some courses require completion of Year 11 or 12 (or equivalent), or relevant Certificate III qualification.
• Diploma: Completion or Year 12 or equivalent is generally required for entry.

VET institutions also require certificate and diploma students to meet or exceed a specific level of English proficiency.

If students don't meet the English language requirements for admission to their chosen course, they can take an English language course before beginning their main course.

We'll learn more about English language requirements later in this section.

Undergraduate Admission Requirements 

Admission into undergraduate studies at an Australian university typically depends on a student's Australia Tertiary Admission Rank (ATAR) score.

Only students who graduate from an Australian secondary school receive an ATAR score, so most international students don't have these scores. Instead, institutions have a process for converting international grades to an equivalent score.

Each post-secondary institution and study program has its own admission requirements. Most universities assess international applications based on the following criteria:

• An Australian Senior Secondary Certificate of Education or equivalent
• Minimum academic requirements, including completion of any prerequisite courses
• A resume or CV (usually mandatory for students with major study gaps or mature students to outline their activities in periods between study)
• Proof of English language proficiency (like TOEFL and IELTS)
• Supporting documents such as personal essays or reference letters (if applicable)
• Completion of the Genuine Student (GS) requirement

Graduate Admissions Requirements

Master's Degrees, Professional Degrees, and Doctoral Degrees

To be admitted to an Australian graduate degree course, students require:

• A bachelor's degree from a recognized institution; some master's degrees(opens in a new tab) may accept a graduate diploma or significant and relevant work experience
• Competitive undergraduate grades
• Reference letters
• Proof of English language proficiency (IELTS and TOEFL are the most widely accepted tests)
• Supporting documents, such as statement of purpose or essay, an academic portfolio, or a research proposal, as required
• Completion of the Genuine Student (GS) requirement

Some graduate courses require students to have relevant work experience in addition to their academic experience.

Depending on the institution and course, the academic prerequisites for a master's degree may vary, so it's important to check the institution's website for specific admissions details.

Some master's degrees are directly connected to their bachelor's degree (like psychology, medicine, or veterinary studies), where others may only be entered by students with a related undergraduate degree (economics and music are popular examples).

Meanwhile, some bachelor's degrees may be open to students either with a related degree or any other degree – but the course duration is shorter for students with a background in the field.

Lastly, some master's degrees are open to any bachelor's degree graduates, like many master's of business administration (MBA) courses.

If a student is applying for a PhD course, in most cases they need to have previously completed a master's degree with a strong academic performance in a related field. However, graduate from a research bachelor degree (honours) (AQF Level 8) may apply directly for a PhD without a master's degree.

Entrance Exams or Admissions Tests

Some graduate degrees require applicants to take specific admissions tests. They include:

Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT)

A common admission test for students who are entering an MBA or other business graduate course. The GMAT assesses students’ general verbal, mathematical, and analytical writing skills.

Graduate Record Examinations (GRE)

The GRE measures verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, and analytical writing skills.

It may be accepted or required by some Australian graduate programs, particularly certain MBA streams or specialized research degrees.

Law School Admissions Test (LSAT)

A standardized test that assesses participants' logical reasoning, analytical reasoning, and reading comprehension skills.

It typically includes multiple-choice sections and an unscored essay.

Medical College Admission Test (MCAT)

A standardized exam designed to test a student’s problem solving skills, critical thinking skills, and knowledge of scientific principles, including physical sciences and biological sciences.

Dental Admission Test (DAT)

The DAT is a multiple choice admission test for students applying to dental education courses.

It assesses students on their scientific information, perceptual ability, reading comprehension, and quantitative reasoning skills.

Academic, Language, Genuine Student, and Supplementary Requirements

Academic Requirements

Now that we’ve broken down the basic requirements for admissions at each educational level, let’s take a closer look at each requirement area.

All international students applying for undergraduate studies at an Australian university must have completed their home country’s equivalent of the Australian Senior Secondary Certificate of Education (Australian Year 12).

To understand how international academic credentials are assessed, students should consult the Department of Education’s information on qualifications recognition(opens in a new tab) or directly check the admissions pages of their chosen institutions.

For a competitive application, international students also need to meet certain academic performance requirements based on the institution and course they’re applying for. Because Australia doesn’t have a national grading system, each institution may use a different grading scale to assess academic performance.

Here’s one example of a grading conversion chart(opens in a new tab) used by the University of Sydney:

Some courses may require students to complete prerequisite classes for admission. For example, a senior secondary school graduate applying for an undergraduate course in neuroscience will need high grades in Year Twelve courses like biology and chemistry.

In some cases, mature students (over the age of 25) may be admitted to certain courses if they have relevant work experience equivalent to prerequisite course or Year 12 education.

Students should always check with their institution and course's specific academic requirements to make sure they meet the required conditions.

English Language Requirements 

Most Australian universities and VET institutions teach courses in English. So, incoming international students must meet specific English language proficiency requirements to be able to learn and participate meaningfully.

Students also need to meet specific English language requirements to receive a student visa. English language tests accepted for visa applications which are commonly recognized by Australian universities and VET institutions include:

• International English Language Testing System (IELTS)(opens in a new tab)
• Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL)(opens in a new tab)
• Pearson Test of English (PTE)(opens in a new tab)

Other English proficiency tests may also be accepted. Always check with the institution for eligible test options and specific English language requirements, as benchmark scores vary, and may be higher for competitive courses.

Minimum test scores required for admission depend on the institution and course the student is applying to.

Generally, students need to meet or exceed the following English language proficiency test scores for admission into most universities and VET institutions:

• IELTS: Overall score of 6 to 6.5 with no band less than 5.5 to 6
• TOEFL: Overall score of 60 to 90
• PTE: Overall score of 50 to 64

In some cases, English Language Intensive Courses for Overseas Students (ELICOS) training in addition to a minimum proficiency score may be required.

Genuine Student (GS) Requirement

While the GS requirement is a crucial part of the Australian student visa application process, most Australian universities will ask to see the applicant's GS requirement responses as part of their admission requirements.

International students who want to study in Australia must meet the GS requirement's criteria by demonstrating a genuine intention to study. The GS requirement criteria also recognize that students may explore post-study work or permanent residence pathways after graduation.

Some Australian universities require students to complete their GS requirement when they submit their application, while others prefer students to complete their assessment after they’ve been conditionally admitted.

The GS requirement evaluation includes sharing the following information:

• The student's current circumstances, such as family ties, employment, and economic circumstances
• Why the student wants to study this specific course in Australia with their chosen education provider
• The student's understanding of the course requirements
• The student's understanding of what studying and living in Australia will be like
• An explanation of how completing the course benefits them

Students will also be asked to provide evidence of:

• Previous study
• Any previous study in Australia, if applicable
• Current employment, if applicable
• Personal ties to their home country or country of residence (for example, family, community, housing or employment history)
• Economic circumstances (including employment or business activities over the last 12 months, income tax returns, bank statements, or potential employment offers once the course is completed)

Financial Documents for the GS Requirement

Students should be prepared to provide some or all of the following to prove they have access to sufficient funds:

• Financial sponsorship declarations
• Financial statement from each sponsor, including proof of fund letters from each bank
• Proof of fixed deposits
• Proof of employment letters and payslips
• Evidence of bank loans or scholarships

Some Australian institutions will conduct a virtual GS interview with the student and the institution's Admission Officer. Generally, the interviewer asks a series of questions to make sure the applicant is in compliance with the GS criteria.

Other institutions will email the student applicant a link to complete an online GS questionnaire instead. Some institutions require students to both a questionnaire and an interview.

The GS interview is assessed in combination with the student's Statement of Purpose (SOP), the circumstances in their home country, and their potential circumstances in Australia.

Students may be interviewed again by an immigration officer during the visa application process.

Statement of Purpose

The Statement of Purpose (SOP) is an important part of the admissions process.

A SOP should provide evidence that the student intends to travel to Australia with the primary purpose of gaining a quality education.

The SOP should describe a student's background, current study plans, and future career goals. Supporting documents are also required to back up the student's claims. For example, if a student has a study gap of one year due to health issues, they should include a medical certificate for that time.

Australian academic institutions pay close attention to information in the SOP when deciding whether to admit a student. The answers the student gives in their GS requirement interview and questionnaire must be consistent with their SOP.

While students should always check with their institution to see what should be included in their SOP, common topics include:

• Education history, including an explanation of any study gaps if applicable
• Why Australia, and why this particular course
• Proof they understand the cost of studying in Australia
• An explanation of how they'll fund their studies
• Current employment, and potential employment in their home country after graduation. International students may potentially work in Australia after graduating, but they must also prove they have career options in their home country
• The value of the chosen course and how it can improve the student's circumstances in their home country or country of residence
• How the course should upgrade their skills (in general, someone with a master's degree shouldn't be applying to pursue a bachelor's degree)
• Situation in their home country or country of residence (the reasons for not studying there, but also things that support their intention to return, including evidence of financial, family, or social ties)
• Immigration history

Learn more about what students should include in their SOP by visiting the Australian government's website(opens in a new tab).

Additional Supporting Documents

Depending on which institution and course the student is applying to, they may be required to submit additional documents supporting their application. These documents could include portfolios, reference letters, or personal essays.

If any supporting documents are required, it’s important that these documents are complete, translated if required, and included with the course application.

Students should always check specific course admission requirements to make sure they prepare and submit all required supporting documents. If documentation is missing, their application may be rejected.

Application Deadlines and Processing Times

Most Australian academic institutions have two or three terms in an academic year and accept new students at the start of each term. Major intakes occur in February and July. A few universities also offer intakes in October or November.

The exact application deadlines vary by institution and by course because each institution has its own admissions cycle. Courses that are in higher demand often have shorter application periods, while other courses remain open until they fill up. In general, the final application deadlines are roughly two months before the start of the academic term.

Like application deadlines, application processing times vary among institutions and from course to course.

Depending on the institution, course, and intake date, Australian institutions may send a decision letter anywhere from one to three months after they receive the student’s application. Many Australian institutions provide approximate decision timelines based on when the student applied for their particular course.

Always consult each institution’s course admissions page for approximate processing times.

During this waiting period, students may be required to complete their GS requirement assessment, and they may also have to attend an interview with a campus representative.

Students must also ensure they have enough time to apply for their visa. See the  Department of Home Affairs immigration website(opens in a new tab) for current waiting periods.

Applying for an Australian Student Visa

Applying for a Student Visa

International students need a Student visa(opens in a new tab) (Subclass 500) to study in Australia.

Before students apply for their visa, they should ensure that their chosen institution is registered with the Commonwealth Register of Institutions and Courses for Overseas Students (CRICOS), as international students may only enroll at CRICOS-registered institutions.

Student visas may be issued for the length of a study course, ultimately for up to five years.

K-12 student visas have different maximum durations, as detailed below.

How long a student visa is will vary by course. If the course is:

• 10+ months long and finishes at the end of the Australian academic year (November to December): the visa stay period expires on March 15 of the following year.
• 10+ months and finishes any time between January and October: the visa stay period expires two months after the course ends.
• Shorter than 10 months: the visa stay period expires one month after the course ends.
• At the postgraduate research level: the visa stay period expires six months after the course ends (allowing the student to remain in Australia for their thesis marking period).
• At the primary school level: the maximum visa period is usually three years, but can be renewed.
• At the high school level (Years 7 to 12): the maximum visa period is six years.

Once students have their student visa, they may pursue an eligible course of study, travel in and out of Australia, and work up to 48 hours every fortnight.

If the student has eligible dependents, like a partner (married spouse or de facto partner of the same or opposite sex) or children under 18, they must declare these family members in their Student visa application. This is true even if the family members will join the student applicant at a later date, or if they don't plan to travel with the student to Australia to all.

If the student didn't declare a family member, and they need to come to Australia at a later date, the student will need to apply for a new Student visa which includes their family member (s) and explain why they weren't included in the student's initial application.

We'll discuss bringing family to Australia in more detail later in this section.

Students can see all the conditions of their visa using the Visa Entitlement Verification Online(opens in a new tab) (VEVO) system, once their visa has been granted.

Student Visa Application Documents

Students must submit a number of supporting documents with their student visa application. Documents must be scanned or photographed in colour, and must be legible. For an up-to-date list, use the Document Checklist tool(opens in a new tab) on the Australian government's website.

Application requirements may vary depending on the student's home country and the institution they are applying to.

All documents must be in English. If they are not written in English originally, they must be translated.

Translators outside Australia do not have to be accredited. However, they must provide their name, address, telephone number, qualifications, and experience in the language they're translation on every document.

Common Supporting Documents:

Overseas Student Health Cover (OSHC)

All international students (and their spouses and minor children, if accompanying them) must have health insurance, or OSHC, for their entire stay.

The basic level of OSHC covers visiting the doctor, some hospital treatments, ambulance services, and limited prescription medication. Dental, optical, and physiotherapy services, along with travel insurance, aren't included in the basic coverage, but can be added to an OHSC plan for an extra charge. 

Alternately, students can purchase private health insurance in addition to OHSC to cover items OHSC does not. Benefits and costs vary by provider.

Only a few registered health insurers offer OSHC. As of 2025, they are: Australian Health Management (ahm OSHC), Allianz Care Australia (Peoplecare), BUPA Australia, CBHS International Health, Medibank Private, and NIB OSHC.

Students will need the name of the health insurance provider and policy dates for their visa application.

Passport/Proof of Identity

Students will need a valid passport to apply for their student visa. Provide the pages of the current passport with the applicant's photo, personal details, and passport issue/expiry dates.

It's also important to provide a national ID card, if available, and any proof of change of name (if applicable) like a marriage or divorce license, or a change of name document from the country's national registry.

Genuine Student (GS) Requirement

International student applicants have to answer a series of questions (150 word limit for each response) and provide supporting documentation to satisfy the GS requirement.

Students who have held an Australian Student visa before, or who are applying from within Australia while holding another visa must answer an additional question.  

For more informations about the GS requirement, students should visit the Department of Home Affairs website(opens in a new tab) or refer back to Section 4 of this course.

Confirmation of Enrolment (CoE)

Students will need a Confirmation of Enrolment letter or Electronic Confirmation of Enrolment (eCoE) to enrol in any course.

A CoE/eCoE is issued by the education provider and confirms the student’s enrolment in a specific course, as well as the course's duration.

Students will need the unique CoE number on the top of the document for their visa application. Students must have a CoE before the visa can be issued.

Select students may also need to complete or share some of the following:

• Proof of English language proficiency
• Proof of financial capacity (ability to pay for travel to Australia, 12 months of course fees, and 12 months of living costs; this number is updated regularly(opens in a new tab))
• A health exam
• Biometrics (if needed, will be advised immediately after submitting an application. Generally, students have 14 days to provide biometrics.)
• An interview

Tip: Keep a copy of the completed student visa application, so you can refer to it as needed.

Steps for Getting a Student Visa

Only a registered migration agent or legal practitioner is legally authorized to provide visa advice. The purpose of this course is to provide information and resources.

Please see the Australian government's Immigration and Citizenship website(opens in a new tab) for the most accurate and up-to-date information on immigration and visa requirements.

Students must apply for their student visa online, but may apply from inside or outside Australia.

The following is a brief overview of the visa application process.

Create an ImmiAccount

When creating an ImmiAccount(opens in a new tab), students will enter all their personal information and set up a username, password, and multi-factor authentication (MFA) settings. This account can be used to manage their visa application and receive any updates regarding their application.

Upload documents

Students must upload all required documents as indicated on the application form. Documents should be uploaded in PDF or photo format. All documents should be clear and readable.

Pay the visa application fee

Effective July 1, 2025, the visa application fee is from A$2,000, unless exempt. Students can pay online through their ImmiAccount(opens in a new tab). The visa application won’t be processed until it has been paid for.

Application Processing Time

Students should apply for their student visa well before their course start date. Visa application processing times can vary.

As of June 2025, 50% of student visa applications were processed in 29 days or fewer. However, it can take up to six months to process a visa application depending on the country the student is coming from, as well as the course and education sector they’re applying to.

For exact processing times, use the Australian government's visa processing times guide(opens in a new tab) on  the Department of Home Affairs' website.

To avoid delays, students should ensure that all information and supporting documents are clear, complete, and correct.

Visa Approvals and Rejections

Application Review

Academic institutions in Australia have a zero tolerance policy for misinterpretation, dishonesty, and fraudulence on student applications. Recruiters that work with Australian institutions are expected to uphold these high standards and to only submit genuine applicants with complete and accurate application documents.

The Australian government monitors visa acceptance rates across the sector and international student recruiters through PRISMS (the Provider Registration and International Student Management System).

PRISMS allows education providers to issue CoEs and report changes in course enrolment. Institutions can also use it to report students who don't attend class, withdraw from a course, or fail to move forward in a course.

PRISMS also ensures students are following their visa conditions and that education providers are obeying the Education Services for Overseas Student Act 2000(opens in a new tab) (the ESOS Act).

Application Approval

Once the Student visa is approved, the applicant will receive a decision letter or email with:

• The student visa grant number
• The visa's expiry date
• Any conditions related to the student visa

Student visas are electronically linked to a passport, so there won't be a new stamp or label in it. Students should keep the decision letter with them during their stay in Australia to prove they’ve been issued a valid student visa. Students can also log in to their ImmiAccount and download a copy of the visa grant letter, if they need to.

Students must stay in compliance with their visa status, meet all visa conditions, and follow Australian laws while studying in Australia.

Maintaining a Student Visa

In order to comply with their visa conditions, students must remain enrolled in their course of study and maintain satisfactory course progress and attendance. The minimum requirement for attendance is 80% of the scheduled contact hours for the course, or higher as required by the state or territory.

Students must also provide their Australian address to their institution and have the ability to continually support themselves financially.

It’s also important that students don’t breach the working conditions attached to their visa. International student support providers on campus can help with visa-related questions.

Students must provide the Australian government with any relevant academic or personal updates.

• Academically, the student may need to get permission from the government to change or defer a course, graduate early, or change their research topic. Students considering any of these actions should check VEVO(opens in a new tab) to understand their visa conditions.
• Personal updates include a change of contact info, like a new address, passport, or phone number. It also includes relationship changes like a separation or the birth of a child.

Application Rejection

If a student’s visa application is rejected, the decision letter will explain why. Here are some common reasons:

• Failure to demonstrate sufficient ties to their home country
• Failure to show financial capacity to support themselves (a minimum of A$29,710 for living costs plus travel cost to Australia and up to 12 months of course fees)
• Failure to meet the GS requirement
• Insufficient English language proficiency
• Falsified or incomplete documents
• Failure to satisfy medical or character requirements

Students can strengthen their visa application and reapply depending on the reason for denial, or they may be able to request a review of the decision.

The Student visa application fee is not refundable. So, it's important to ensure every application is complete, clear, and accurate.

For the most accurate and up-to-date visa and immigration information, refer to the Australian Department of Home Affairs' immigration and citizenship website(opens in a new tab).

Visas for Dependents and Post-Study Visas

Bringing Your Family

Travelling to a new country to study can be overwhelming, but students don’t have to travel alone.

In Australia, spouses, partners, and unmarried children under the age of 18 are considered eligible dependents who may join Student visa holders.

However, children over 18 at the time of the initial Student visas application need to apply for their own Student visa.

Students must declare any eligible family members on their initial visa application. If approved, their dependents can travel with the student to Australia, or they can join the student in Australia after they’ve started their course as a subsequent entrant using ImmiAccount.(opens in a new tab)

If a family member is not declared on the initial Student visa application, and, later, wishes to join the student in Australia, the international student must apply for a new Student visa which includes the family member, and explain why they weren't included in the first application—so it's generally less work to just declare all family members in the first application.

Family members who apply for a visa must meet the minimum health and character requirements as outlined by the Australian government. There’s also a visa application fee for each family member.

Students will also need to show they have enough money to support themselves and their family while they’re in Australia. They must be able to cover the cost of travel to Australia, 12 months of course fees, and the current minimum living expenses amounts set by the Australian government (as of June 2025):

• A$29,710 for the student
• A$10,394 for a partner
• A$4,449 for each child

Dependents can work in Australia while they’re on a student visa. Family members of undergraduate students can work up to 48 hours per fortnight (a two-week period starting on a Monday), and dependents of master’s and doctoral students can work unlimited hours.

International students' minor children may attend private or public K-12 schools in Australia, but will have to pay annual school costs.

Visit the Department of Home Affairs' website for the most up-to-date information about bringing family to Australia as an international student(opens in a new tab).

The most common visa new graduates choose is the Temporary Graduate visa (subclass 485).

The Temporary Graduate Visa

International students must return to their home country by their visa’s expiry date. If students want to continue studying in Australia, they have to apply for a new Student visa.

If a student wants to stay in Australia to work, they must apply for a different type of visa. Most new grads opt for a Temporary Graduate visa.

The basic eligibility criteria for a Temporary Graduate visa are:

• Be under 35 years of age when applying (exceptions apply)
• Have held a Student visa in the last six months
• Hold an eligible visa
• Have evidence of English proficiency and health insurance
• Have a recent qualification in a CRICOS-registered course
• Apply for their eligible stream (streams cannot be changed after applying)
• Apply for this visa while in Australia
• Attach required evidence to the application

Some streams require evidence that the applicant has also applied for an Australian Federal Police check.

Temporary Graduate Visa Streams

Within the Temporary Graduate visa, students must choose a category, or stream based on their Australian academic qualification.

All Temporary Graduate visa streams enable recent international student graduates to work in Australia. Their families may also join them in Australia.

In 2024, the Graduate Work stream was renamed to the Post-Vocational Education Work stream, and the Post Study Work stream is now called Post-Higher Education Work. Learn more about these visa streams below:

Post-Vocational Education Work

This stream is for international students who recently graduated with skills and qualifications that are relevant to specific occupations on Australia’s Skilled Occupation list(opens in a new tab).

Applicants must meet the general Temporary Graduate visa study requirements with an associate degree, diploma, or trade qualification.

International graduates applying through this stream can stay for up to 18 months.

Post-Higher Education Work

This stream is for any international student who recently graduated from an Australian institution with a degree from a CRICOS-registered course.

Students applying through this stream can stay up to two years if they completed a bachelor’s or coursework master’s degree, or three years if they completed a research master’s or PhD.

Second Post-Higher Education Work

This stream is for students who graduated from an academic institution in regional Australia and already hold a Post-Study Work (or Post-Higher Education Work) visa.

Applicants must have lived in an eligible designated regional area for at least two years prior to applying for this second Temporary Graduate visa.

Students applying through this stream can stay between one and two years, depending on their qualification.

Visit the Australian government's website for current information about post-study visas(opens in a new tab).

Student Living Costs in Australia

Financial planning is one of the most important parts of preparing to study in Australia. Students will need to budget for housing, food, transportation, books, recreational activities, and tuition.

Tuition

Tuition fees are one of the most significant expenses and can vary depending on the student's school, course, and level of education.

Here are some guidelines for average tuition fees by qualification type:

*Not including professional designation courses, such as veterinary and medical courses, which often have higher tuition fees.

The best way to find tuition fees for a specific course is by checking the institution's course and financial information webpages. Tuition fees may vary by field of study, with STEM courses often commanding higher tuition rates than arts or humanities, and can change yearly.

Cost of living depends on where the student's attending class, what their lifestyle and spending habits are like, and their personal financial means.

Cost of Living

As of May 2024, prospective international students must show a minimum financial capacity of A$29,710 per year to cover their living costs with their student visa application.

They must also show proof of the ability to cover their travel fees to Australia and their first year of tuition. However, their actual cost of living can vary significantly from this amount.

For example, Australia's three big cities—Sydney, Brisbane, and Melbourne—have higher average costs of living. Their popularity among international students comes from the large number of education providers located there, these cities' active and diverse cultural scenes, and the networking opportunities they offer.

However, smaller capital cities, such as Adelaide, Perth, and the Gold Coast offer many similar advantages—such as access to quality education, vibrant city living, and nearby beaches or cultural hubs—at a significantly lower cost. Residents in these cities also benefit from smaller crowds, shorter commute times, and a more relaxed pace of life.

Here's a breakdown of some everyday living costs:

Student Housing Options

Cost of living also depends on the type of housing students choose. Many Australian universities and Technical and Further Education (TAFE) institutions offer on-campus student accommodations, where students stay in dorms with shared washrooms, kitchens, and common rooms.

On-campus accommodations are popular choice for first year students. Living on campus gives international students the opportunity to get to know one another, and become familiar with campus life. This housing style also reduces commuting times.

Students who stay on campus may have a meal plan included in their rent, or can sign up for one separately. Meal plans allow students to eat their campus meal hall or on-campus restaurants, and typically cover three meals a day, plus snacks.

Sometimes, meal plans have set amounts and dining locations. Other meal plans include more flexible pre-loaded meal cards that students can use to purchase food from different vendors on campus.

After completing their first year of studies, many students move to off-campus housing. Students who live off campus may rent a one-bedroom apartment by themselves, or share an apartment with roommates to help save money.

Off-campus housing allows students more independence, but students who live off campus must buy their own food and other household items. They'll also be responsible for paying any utilities not included in monthly rent and commuting to campus. Based on tenancy agreements, students may be required to pay rent on a weekly, fortnightly, or monthly basis. These daily expenses aren't part of tuition costs, so students who live off campus need to budget responsibly.

Students who wish to study in Australia need to provide evidence they have sufficient funds for 12 months of tuition fees and living costs.

Let's take a closer look at the average cost of different kinds of student housing:

Students can use the Australian cost of living calculator(opens in a new tab) from Study Australia to create a personalized budget.

Encourage students to watch for student discounts on groceries, clothing, drugstore products, entertainment, and study supplies.

ISIC(opens in a new tab), UNIDAYS(opens in a new tab), and Student Beans(opens in a new tab) are websites which share student discounts at Australian retail stores and entertainment venues. Students should always carry their student ID so they can access these discounts.

Financial Assistance

Studying in Australia as an international student is a substantial investment.

Thankfully, students seeking financial aid can access a few options. For example, international students can apply for scholarships or loans to make education more affordable.

Scholarships

Scholarships are a form of financial aid awarded to students who meet certain academic criteria. They don't need to be repaid. Scholarships may be granted by many different organizations, which include educational institutions, professional organizations, private foundations, government agencies, and non-profit organizations.

The best place to begin searching for a scholarship is the student’s academic institution.

Some colleges and universities have scholarships for international students, and nearly all institutions offer course-specific scholarships to all students.

Learn about these scholarships by contacting the institution’s financial aid office or visiting their financial aid webpage.

Government Scholarships for International Students

International students may also apply for scholarships awarded by the Australian federal or state/territory governments. Government scholarships for international students include:

Australia Awards

• The Australia Awards(opens in a new tab) are a group of long-term scholarships awarded by the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, the Australian Department of Education, and the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research.
• These scholarships cover full tuition fees, return air fare to Australia, and a contribution towards monthly living expenses.
• These scholarship programs, which also include fellowships and short-term courses, aim to create enduring ties between Australia and its neighbouring countries through promoting knowledge growth and education.

Australian Government Research Training Program (RTP)

• This government-funded scholarship program supports both domestic and overseas students undertaking research doctorate and research master’s degrees.
• RTP scholarship(opens in a new tab) applications are made directly to a participating university.
• RTP awardees may receive one or more of the following: tuition fee offsets, cost-of-living stipends, or general allowances for expenses related to their course.

Teaching and Research Assistantships

• Many schools offer teaching and research assistantships to eligible students. These assistantships provide valuable experience in the student's field of study, and are often paid positions to help students support themselves.
• Teaching or research assistantships are popular opportunities for graduate students, so can be competitive. Universities usually offer these positions upon enrolment.
• However, students should check out the institution's employment pages for more information on available assistantships, as some hiring timelines may vary. 

Loans

While international students can’t access Australia’s Higher Education Loan Program (HELP), they can take out a private loan to help cover their education costs.

Unlike scholarships, loans must be repaid, but students can typically set up an affordable payment plan with reasonable interest rates.

Some Australian academic institutions offer interest-free general loans to full-time students with outstanding academic records. Loan repayment typically isn’t due until after a student graduates, so these students can focus fully on their education.

Learn more about how student loans can support international students(opens in a new tab).

Taking out a Personal Loan

If a student’s university doesn’t offer general loans, students can consider taking out a personal loan from an Australian bank, credit union, or small lending institution.

Because Australian lenders can’t access an international student’s credit history, lenders generally review students' eligibility for a loan with the following criteria:

• Has a valid Australian visa
• Is enrolled at an Australian post-secondary institution
• Has an Australian bank account
• Has a reliable source of income
• Has an Australian address

Some banks and financial institutions may require additional documents, or for students to meet specific conditions depending on their personal and financial profile.

Students can’t take out loans that surpass their visa expiry date. For example, if a student’s visa expires in two years, they’ll only be eligible for a two-year loan.

Types of Personal Loans

Secured Personal Loans

Granted against the borrower's assets, such as jewelry or property. This loan type is secured against the borrower’s assets because the amount borrowed is high with a low interest rate.

This kind of loan can be used for many purposes, but is less popular with international students because they don’t always have assets to secure against.

Unsecured Personal Loans

An unsecured personal loan doesn’t require the borrower’s assets for security, so these loans may have lower borrowing amounts with higher interest rates and stricter eligibility criteria.

Similar to secured personal loans, unsecured personal loans can be used for many purposes, like tuition, rent, food, or other living expenses.

Students should explore loan options from different providers to find a loan with a borrowing amount, interest rate, and repayment plan that fits their needs.

Working While Studying in Australia

Working while studying can give international students a competitive edge in the job market and allow them to fine-tune their expertise in their field of study.

Australia has one of the highest minimum wages in the world (A$24.95 per hour as of July 2025), which can help students support themselves.

Let’s learn more about work-while-studying requirements and different opportunities available to international students.

Working While Studying: Requirements 

International students' ability to work is governed by visa conditions set by the Australian government.

International students who want to work in Australia must follow these conditions:

• Possess a valid Australian student visa
• Work up to 48 hours per fortnight (or two-week period starting on a Monday) while class is in session
• Work unlimited hours (if desired) during study breaks and holidays
• Not begin work until after classes have started.

Students enrolled in a postgraduate research course—such as a master's by research or a doctoral degree—may work more than 48 hours per fortnight, once they start their course.

Work Opportunities for International Students

International students are able to work on- or off-campus during their studies. They may also volunteer.

On-Campus

Students may volunteer outside of their allotted 48 hours for work over a fortnight if the volunteer role fits within the government's description of volunteer work:

• Unpaid work done primarily to benefit someone else (such as volunteering with a charity, community organization, or other not-for-profit organizations)
• Not considered employment—volunteers are not employees and don’t need to be paid
• Done without the expectation of payment or financial reward
• Not legally binding—neither the student nor organization intend to create an employment relationship
• Voluntary—there is no obligation for the student to attend or perform work tasks

Unpaid work that doesn't fit within the definition of volunteer work above will count towards the international student's 48-hours-of-work limitation.

Volunteering can help students develop transferable skills, build their professional network, and gain exposure to fields that might be harder to access through paid work. It can also be a great way to enjoy unique experiences, whether students are volunteer ushers at a theatre (and so, get to see free plays) or supporting wildlife rehabilitation (and caring for interesting animals).

Volunteering may also strengthen a student's application for graduate degrees like medicine or law. Community engagement demonstrates initiative, empathy, and strong interpersonal skills.

Some volunteering ideas:

• Tutoring at a youth centre 
• Volunteering at a local library 
• Providing care for residents in a retirement home
• Stocking shelves at a food bank 
• Administrative work at a local women’s centre
• Animal care at a local shelter 

Check out Australia’s volunteering initiative at govolunteer.com.au(opens in a new tab) and the Volunteering Australia website(opens in a new tab) to find volunteer opportunities. 

Off-Campus

Working off-campus helps students to become more familiar with their broader community and build a professional network.

Popular off-campus jobs:

• Serving at a local cafe or restaurant
• Administrative assisting at a law office
• Portering at the community hospital
• Retail work in a local shop
• Financial assisting at a bank
• Private tutoring

Students can find off-campus work through online job boards, university career portals, and personal networks. Many Australian institutions also offer dedicated career support services for international students.

Volunteering

Students may volunteer outside of their allotted 48 hours for work over a fortnight if the volunteer role fits within the government's description of volunteer work:

• Unpaid work done primarily to benefit someone else (such as volunteering with a charity, community organization, or other not-for-profit organizations)
• Not considered employment—volunteers are not employees and don’t need to be paid
• Done without the expectation of payment or financial reward
• Not legally binding—neither the student nor organization intend to create an employment relationship
• Voluntary—there is no obligation for the student to attend or perform work tasks

Unpaid work that doesn't fit within the definition of volunteer work above will count towards the international student's 48-hours-of-work limitation.

Volunteering can help students develop transferable skills, build their professional network, and gain exposure to fields that might be harder to access through paid work. It can also be a great way to enjoy unique experiences, whether students are volunteer ushers at a theatre (and so, get to see free plays) or supporting wildlife rehabilitation (and caring for interesting animals).

Volunteering may also strengthen a student's application for graduate degrees like medicine or law. Community engagement demonstrates initiative, empathy, and strong interpersonal skills.

Some volunteering ideas:

• Tutoring at a youth centre 
• Volunteering at a local library 
• Providing care for residents in a retirement home
• Stocking shelves at a food bank 
• Administrative work at a local women’s centre
• Animal care at a local shelter 

Check out Australia’s volunteering initiative at govolunteer.com.au(opens in a new tab) and the Volunteering Australia website(opens in a new tab) to find volunteer opportunities. 

Work Opportunities for Students' Dependents

Some family members of international students can travel with students to Australia while they complete their studies.

Partners and dependent, unmarried children (under 18 years old) will be issued dependent Student visas.

Partners or spouses are eligible for the same work opportunities that the student is given.

This means that family members who are old enough to work in Australia may work up to 48 hours over a fortnight (a 14-day period starting on a Monday) while the primary student visa holder's course is in session. If family members accompany a master's by research or PhD student, they may work more than 48 hours per fortnight.

The minor children of an international student may attend primary or secondary school in Australia, but must pay tuition fees.

Family members must wait for the student to begin their course before they start working, and should always check their individual visa conditions before looking for work in Australia.

Work After Graduation: Australia’s Temporary Graduate Visa

International students who graduate from an Australian post-secondary institution can pursue post-study work in Australia with the Post-Higher Education Work stream or Post-Vocational Education Work stream of the Temporary Graduate visa (subclass 485).

NOTE: The information in this section should be treated as a guide. For the most current visa information, please refer to the Australian government's Department of Home Affairs website(opens in a new tab). For visa and immigration advice, consult a registered migration agent(opens in a new tab) or an eligible legal practitioner(opens in a new tab).

Post-Higher Education Work Stream

The Post-Higher Education Work Stream visa(opens in a new tab) allows eligible graduates to live and work in Australia for two to three years after their graduation. Visa durations differ, depending on the applicant's education and work experience.

To be eligible to apply for this visa, applicants must:

• Be 35 years of age or younger at the time of application (exceptions apply)
• Be in Australia when applying for the visa
• Hold an eligible visa
• Have held an Australian Student visa in the last six months
• Have a recent degree in a CRICOS-registered course(opens in a new tab)
• Provide evidence of adequate health insurance for all applicants
• Provide evidence of application for an Australian Federal Police check(opens in a new tab)
• Provide evidence of the required level of English with their application

The Post-Higher Education Work Stream visa also allows students' families to accompany them.

Post-Vocational Education Work Stream

The Post-Vocational Education Work Stream visa(opens in a new tab) allows eligible students to live and work in Australia for up to 18 months.

This stream is for international students graduating from any recognized post-secondary institution from around the world with qualifications relevant to an occupation on Australia's Skilled Occupation List(opens in a new tab).

To be eligible to apply for this visa, applicants must:

• Be 35 years of age or younger at the time of application (exceptions apply)
• Be in Australia at the time of application
• Hold an eligible visa
• Have held an Australian student visa in the last six months
• Have an associate degree, diploma, or trade qualification relevant to an occupation on the Skilled Occupation List(opens in a new tab)
• Have applied for a skills assessment in their nominated occupation on the Skilled Occupation List(opens in a new tab)
• Provide evidence of adequate health insurance for all applicants when they apply
• Provide evidence of application for an Australian Federal Police check
• Provide evidence of the required level of English with the application

The Post-Vocational Education Work Stream also allows graduates' eligible family members to accompany them for the duration of their visa.

Second Post-Higher Education Work Stream

The Second Post-Higher Education Work Stream visa(opens in a new tab) allows eligible students to live and work in Australia for up to two years.

This stream is for international student graduates who previously held a Temporary Graduate visa under the Post-Higher Education Work stream, Post-Study Work stream, or Replacement stream, and who graduated with a degree from an Australian institution located in a regional area.

Applicants must meet the following requirements:

• Be 35 years of age or younger at the time of application (exceptions apply)
• Be in Australia at the time of application
• Have previously held a Temporary Graduate visa in the Post-Higher Education Work Stream (or the Post-Study Work stream, as it was known before 2024)
• Graduated from a CRICOS-registered course from an institution based in an eligible designated regional area, that led to the grant of the initial Temporary Graduate visa
• Have lived in an eligible designated regional area for at least two years immediately before applying for their second Temporary Graduate visa in the Post-Higher Education Work stream
• Provide evidence of adequate health insurance for all applicants
• Provide evidence they’ve applied for an Australian Federal Police check when they apply
• Provide evidence of the required level of English with the application

The Second Post-Higher Education Work Stream also allows visa holders to have eligible family members (partners and dependent children) join them in Australia for the duration of their visa.

Paths to Permanent Residence

This section is provided as information only. Only migration agents registered with the Australian government's Office of the Migration Agents Registration Authority (OMARA), legal practitioners with an Australian legal practicing certificate, or an exempt person can lawfully give immigration assistance in Australia. After graduation, many international students consider building a successful career and life in Australia through permanent residency. 

There are a few different paths to permanent residency after graduation, but the first step is expressing interest in permanent residency through Australia's SkillSelect migration program.

International students must submit their Expression of Interest (EOI) in permanent residency through the online SkillSelect portal(opens in a new tab). The Expression of Interest must include: 

• All personal information
• The visa type they’re interested in
• Education and qualification details
• Their nominated occupation 
• A skill assessment of their nominated occupation
• Employment history
• English language proficiency

After completing an EOI through the SkillSelect online portal, selected applicants are invited to apply for a relevant permanent residency visa based on Australia's immigration points test.

Australia’s points test is a system used to evaluate applicants’ suitability for permanent residence in Australia.

Applicants must receive 65 points or over on the points test after submitting their EOI to be invited to apply for any relevant visa. To estimate potential point totals, applicants can use the Australian government's points calculator(opens in a new tab).

Points are awarded for meeting certain criteria related to:

• Age 
• English language proficiency
• Skilled employment
• Qualifications
• Australian study
• Partner’s skills, employment, qualifications, and Australian study

Each category has specific point allocations, and some categories give more points based on a range of criteria.

For example, applicants ages 18 to 24 receive 25 points in the "age" category, while applicants aged 45 or older receive no points in this category.

NOTE: Even if applicants receive over 65 points, they are not guaranteed an invitation to apply for permanent residency.

If an applicant is invited to apply for a permanent residency visa, they must apply through the SkillSelect portal within 60 days of receiving their invitation.

Applicants' EOIs remain on the SkillSelect database for two years. So, if an applicant doesn't initially receive an invitation, they may update their EOI as their circumstances change to increase their chances of receiving an invitation.

If the international student graduate does not meet the minimum point threshold of 65, but their spouse or partner does, their partner can submit an EOI as the primary applicant instead, including the graduate as their family member.

Skilled Independent Visa 

While there’s a few different visa options for graduates seeking permanent residence, the Skilled Independent visa(opens in a new tab) is the most common and accessible option.

The Skilled Independent visa allows applicants with skills Australia needs to live, work, and study anywhere in the country.

To be invited to apply for this visa, applicants must be under 45, have an occupation listed on the Australian skilled occupation list, have a suitable skills assessment(opens in a new tab) for the occupation, and score at least 65 points based on their Expression of Interest (EOI).

Skilled independent visa holders may sponsor eligible family members for permanent residence. If eligible, they may also apply to become an Australian citizen.

Arriving in Australia

From arriving at the airport to settling into their new home, international students have lots to do and lots to learn. 

Traveling to Australia: Key Takeaways

1. Once the student’s visa has been issued, they’re ready to book flights and start preparing for their move to Australia.
2. Students should verify any luggage restrictions with the airline, pack appropriately for the weather, and check which items are restricted or prohibited(opens in a new tab) to bring into Australia. For example, while some prohibited items are obvious, like fireworks or weapons, students might not know they can't bring rice into the country!
3. Students don’t need to pack bulky items like bedding, utensils, small appliances, or lots of extra clothes. These can be purchased in Australia.

Packing Essentials

Pack valuable personal belongings in a carry-on bag, not checked luggage. This could include things like visa documentation, personal electronic devices, jewelry, and Australian currency, as well as basic toiletries and prescription medication.

Here's a quick list of things which are important to pack when traveling to Australia as an international student:

Consult the Australian Border Force website(opens in a new tab) to understand which items aren’t allowed into Australia.

Keep Important Documents Close By!

When students arrive in Australia, they’ll need to clear customs and talk to an Australian Border Force (ABF) Officer. Students will collect their luggage after they clear customs, so they should keep the following documents in their carry-on bag or personal item: 

• A valid passport
• Valid visa documents—the student’s visa will be electronically linked to their passport, but they should have the visa decision letter with them as proof a visa was issued
• Confirmation of Enrolment (CoE) letter
• Overseas Student Health Cover (OSHC) documents
• Other personal identification: a driver’s licence, birth certificate, or government issued photo ID card
• Housing information: they will be asked for their Australian address. Having the rental agreement on hand can be helpful.

Arriving at the Airport

Most major cities in Australia have an international airport. We generally recommend flying into the closest airport to the city the student is studying in.

These are the most popular airports in Australia:

Many airports have arrival guides on their website. Students can research the airport they’ll be flying into ahead of time. 

Airport Arrival Procedure for International Students

Students usually need to arrange their own travel from the airport to their housing.
It’s best to plan ahead. 

Students should write down their new address in English, so they can show the taxi driver or pickup service where they’re going. Students may also want to save detailed directions offline on their phone or print directions, if they plan on using public transit. 

Some institutions offer international students a free pick-up service from the airport. Be sure to check with the institution to see if this is the case!

Let's look at some airport transportation options for students:

Taxi

International students can rent a car if they have a valid driver’s licence from their home country.  Some states also require students to have an international driver’s permit, or have a copy of their home licence translated into English while also carrying their original licence.  

If students are planning to rent a car, it’s best to book one in advance. Rental car companies such as Avis, Enterprise, Hertz, Europcar, and Budget have airport locations.

Some rental car companies won’t rent to individuals under age 21 and sometimes charge higher fees to those under age 25.

Also, note that driver’s seats in Australia are on the right-hand side, similar to the UK.

Rideshare

Ridesharing apps, including Uber, DiDi, and GoCatch operate from designated pickup zones at Australian airports. Ridesharing is generally more affordable than a taxi.

Public Transportation

Major cities including Sydney, Brisbane, and Melbourne have public transportation (trains, buses) connected to the airport. 

While this is a more affordable option (for example, a taxi from Melbourne's airport to the city centre costs around A$70 in 2025, but the SkyBus express bus is A$24), students may have to pay an "airport fare" if they’re traveling from the airport to the city.

Sometimes, a free shuttle bus can connect students from the airport to the city's main transit network.

Car Rental

International students can rent a car if they have a valid driver’s licence from their home country.  Some states also require students to have an international driver’s permit, or have a copy of their home licence translated into English while also carrying their original licence.  

If students are planning to rent a car, it’s best to book one in advance. Rental car companies such as Avis, Enterprise, Hertz, Europcar, and Budget have airport locations.

Some rental car companies won’t rent to individuals under age 21 and sometimes charge higher fees to those under age 25.

Also, note that driver’s seats in Australia are on the right-hand side, similar to the UK.

Housing and Transportation

On-Campus Housing: Residence and Residential Colleges

Many Australian universities offer on-campus residence accommodations for students. Most universities guarantee on-campus accommodations for international students.

Living in residence is a popular option for both international students and out-of-town domestic students, especially in their first year of study. It’s a great way to meet friends and get to know the campus. This also means students don’t have to commute to campus. 

Campus residence rooms are furnished with a bed, desk, chair, and a wardrobe or some closet space. Students may either have their own room or share with a roommate, and they usually share a communal bathroom. 

Internet access (wifi) is sometimes included in the rent. Residences and residential colleges may also offer other services and amenities, such as meal plans or a communal kitchen, laundry services, a dining hall, cleaning, study rooms, academic support, and social activities.  

More information about how to apply for on-campus accommodations and specific information about each residence can be found on the university’s website.

Off-Campus Housing

Most domestic students in Australia live off campus, so there are lots of off-campus accommodation options to choose from. 

This, however, means that housing near campus is often in high demand. Students can rent a property that isn’t affiliated with the university by themselves or with friends. Off-campus housing gives students the flexibility to choose where they live, who they live with, and the type of place they live in. 

Rental properties aren’t usually furnished, and students usually need to pay a security payment or bond up front (approximately equal to one month’s rent).

The bond is held by the state government department responsible for tenants' legal rights and is used to pay for any damages caused to the rental property.

Off-campus students also have to pay for groceries, transportation to and from campus, internet access, and other household expenses. 

There are many other types of accommodations built for students throughout Australian cities. These buildings can range from studio apartments, to sharing a room with a roommate, to sharing an entire flat with a shared bathroom and kitchen with 6–8 other students. 

These accommodations usually include all utilities and internet, a fully furnished bedroom, communal laundry facilities, and recreational common rooms such as lounges and a games room. 

Some of the most popular websites to find managed student accommodations are Semester in Australia(opens in a new tab), Campus Living Villages(opens in a new tab), UniLodge(opens in a new tab), and Urbanest.(opens in a new tab)

Homestay

Homestay programs involve living with an Australian host family in their home. It’s a great way for students to immerse themselves into the Australian culture and language. 

These programs are most popular among younger students and international students enrolled in short-term English courses. Students will enjoy the comfort of a home, get to spend time with the family, and often have meals and cleaning provided. 

Australian host families are screened by a professional agency. One of the most popular agencies is the Australian Homestay Network(opens in a new tab).

Transportation

Australia is known for having an excellent transportation system that allows students to travel easily between cities and around the country.

Australia’s public transportation systems are run by the state government. This means that students usually only require one transit card to travel anywhere in the state.

For example, students studying at the University of Wollongong in New South Wales can get a reloadable travel card (called an Opal Card in NSW) which allows them to access buses, trains, trams, and ferries throughout New South Wales.

Different states have different names for their transit cards! In Canberra, it's called a MyWay+ card, where in Perth it's a SmartRider card.

Students can preload money onto their travel card online then tap it on the card reader or ticket validator of the vehicle before and after their journey. The fare will automatically be deducted from the travel card.

Students are usually eligible for discounted transit fares, also known as concession cards. To get one, they'll usually require proof of eligibility such as a student card or Confirmation of Enrolment (CoE). Students may have to apply for their concession card online.

Other transportation options, such as taxis and ridesharing services, are available in many parts of Australia. Using these services frequently, however, can get expensive.

If students want to drive while they’re in Australia, they must have a valid driver’s licence from their home country. Some states may also require students to have an international driver’s permit in addition to their home country driver’s licence. 

Students must have vehicle insurance before driving. It’s also important to note that Australians drive on the left side of the road, and automatic transmission vehicles are more common than manual transmission vehicles. 

Air travel is the most convenient way for students to travel between Australian states and major cities because it's such a large country. All main cities have airports with regularly scheduled flights.

The Essentials: Banking, Money, and Cell Phones

All international students are required to have Overseas Student Health Cover (OSHC) in order to apply for their student visa. 

Health Care and Health Insurance

Students must have and maintain adequate health insurance for their entire stay in Australia. 

OSHC covers basic medical services, including visits to the doctor outside of the hospital, some hospital treatments, ambulance services, and some pharmaceuticals. It doesn’t cover dental, optical, or physiotherapy services.

Students can purchase OSHC from their educational provider or directly from an approved insurance company(opens in a new tab) such as ahm OSHC, Allianz Care Australia (Peoplecare), BUPA Australia, or CBHS International Health.  

Many Australian universities have on-campus health centres that provide basic general medical services to students, such as general practitioners, mental health services, vaccinations, and treatment for minor injuries and illnesses. The campus medical centre may also refer students to off-campus medical professionals. Students can purchase over-the-counter medication (like cold or allergy medication, or vitamins) and get any prescriptions filled at their local pharmacy (called a chemist in Australia). OSHC doesn't cover the cost of purchasing over-the-counter medication.

In case of an emergency, students can call 000 (Triple Zero), which is Australia’s main emergency number. This number will contact police, ambulance, and fire departments. Students should only call Triple Zero in case of a serious medical illness or injury, if they’ve witnessed a crime or serious accident, or are in a life-threatening situation.

If students need to seek medical treatment on or off campus while they’re in Australia, they should make sure they have their OSHC membership card (hard copy or electronic copy) with them. In some cases, their passport may be required as photo ID. 

Banking and Money

Australian currency is Australian dollars (AUD). The symbol for Australian currency is A$, and there are 100 cents (c) in one dollar ($1). Australian bills are in $5, $10, $20, $50, and $100 denominations. 

Australian bills are polymer bank notes printed in different colours depending on the amount. For example, the five-dollar bill is purple, the ten-dollar bill is blue, and the twenty-dollar bill is orange. Coins are issued in denominations of 5c, 10c, 20c, 50c, $1 and $2.

Cash is widely accepted for almost all transactions, but paying with a debit or credit card has become more common. Online banking (BPAY or direct transfers) are widely accepted forms of payment for larger expenses (bills, rent).

International students can open a bank account in Australia before they arrive by completing the online application form on the bank’s website up to three months before their arrival date. 

Once students arrive in Australia, they can make an appointment with their local branch to prove their identity and access their account. Students will need their passport, Confirmation of Enrolment (CoE), and proof of their Australian address. 

The following are the four biggest banks in Australia: National Australia Bank (NAB), Australia New Zealand Bank (ANZ), Commonwealth Bank of Australia, and Westpac Banking Corporation. 

Many Australian banks have great banking plans for international students, such as no-fee student accounts and features like no minimum balance requirements. In general, there are three types of bank accounts available to international students: 

Transaction Account

The most common account type. Used for daily expenses, shopping, paying bills, and withdrawing money from an ATM.

Savings Account

Linked to the student’s main transaction account, a savings account allows a student to earn interest on their account balance.

Student Account

With many of the same features as a regular transaction account, a student account usually doesn't have any extra fees. Student accounts may also allow students to withdraw cash from any ATM that’s not affiliated with their bank for no extra charge.

Students should research the different banks and services to choose a bank and account type that suits their needs.

Most bank accounts come with a debit card, which can be used for most day-to-day transactions and withdrawing cash from an ATM.

Students can also apply for a student credit card in Australia. Student credit cards are similar to regular credit cards except they typically have lower interest rates, annual fees, and credit limits. Having an Australian credit card can help students build their credit history in Australia. Students should make sure they can pay off the balance of the card each month. 

Internet and Cell Phones

Having an Australian mobile phone number is highly recommended. Students can purchase a new phone in Australia, or they can bring their current cell phone with them and just purchase an Australian SIM card.

If a student wants to get a new phone, they can purchase it on contract and pay a portion of the phone plus the phone plan until the phone is paid off.

Alternately, students can pay for the cost of the phone up front, and just pay the monthly plan cost. Apple, Samsung, Google, LG, Motorola, and Huawei phones are all widely available.

• Prepaid SIM card plans are the most common option for international students. When using a prepaid plan, students pay a specific amount for certain features such as calling, texting, and data.
• Most prepaid plans are 28 days long and can be renewed as many times as the student would like. Many plans include data, national calling and texting, and international call minutes. For example, students may pay A$20 every 28 days for 15GB of data.
• For example, students may pay A$20 every 28 days for 15GB of data. The amount may vary depending on how much data or call minutes the student wants. Many providers offer deals to first-time users.

There are many mobile phone providers in Australia. The biggest ones are Vodafone, Optus, and Telstra.

Internet Access and Providers

Students will also need internet access while they are studying in Australia. They’ll have access to free WiFi on campus with their student email and login credentials.

Students living off-campus can sign up for a monthly home internet plan (NBN or 4G/5G broadband). Most providers offer unlimited data or tiered plans based on usage.

Many of the cell phone providers also offer bundled packages, combining mobile and home internet on flexible, month-to-month plans with savings and shared data options.

Again, students should research the different internet service providers and plans and select one that works best for them.

Adjusting to Life in Australia

Dealing With Culture Shock

Moving to a new country to study is fun and exciting, but it can also be overwhelming. It’s normal for students to experience culture shock as they get used to a new environment, learn new customs, and meet lots of new people. 

Homesickness and culture shock will pass as students settle into their routine, make friends, and become familiar with their campus and the area they’re living in. 

Australian education institutions provide lots of support services to help make an international students’ experience as enjoyable and stress-free as possible.

Support services available to international students include:

• Language and academic support
• Designated international student advisors
• Airport pick-up
• Orientation programs
• Sports and fitness facilities
• Prayer and worship rooms
• Student clubs and societies

Here are some other tips on how to deal with culture shock:

Food Options

There’s a wide variety of food options available for students in Australia, such as takeaway, restaurant dining, and supermarkets.

Students can usually find a supermarket close to where they live. The biggest Australian supermarkets are IGA, Woolworths, and Coles. Aldi is a very popular discount chain in Australia. 

Supermarkets offer all the essentials, such as meat, dairy, produce, bakery items, drinks, and non-perishables. Most supermarkets also have an international food section where students may be able to find foods from their home country. Some supermarkets may also sell personal care products and small homewares. 

Takeaway means delivery or to-go in Australia, which is a popular food service with students. Students can order their favourite food directly from local restaurants by phoning or ordering online. They can pick up the food or have it delivered to their home.

Students can also order food through mobile apps such as Menulog, DoorDash, and Uber Eats. Some of the most popular takeaway foods in Australia are pizza, burgers, fries, and Asian food like dumplings and dim sum. 

Educational institutions also have cafeterias and restaurants on campus that offer options for most dietary needs. This is great for students who have a long day of classes on campus. Students should let the on-campus restaurant know if they have any dietary restrictions or food allergies before they order.

Want to eat out? There are many options. Students may find Thai, Chinese, Indian, Italian, seafood, or sushi restaurants in their community. There are also casual restaurants that serve burgers, pizza, fish and chips, and pasta.

Students come to Australia to study, but they should also take time to relax and have fun outside the classroom. 

Entertainment, Media, and Sports

Most major cities in Australia are on the coast, so relaxing on the beach, playing beach sports, and surfing are some of the most popular activities that students enjoy. Students can also enjoy the vibrant nightlife and eat out or grab a drink after class. 

If students are looking for a quiet night in, they may choose to relax at home and watch a movie or TV show. There are many streaming services available in Australia. 

Most major cities also have thriving arts centres. Students can visit museums and art galleries, see live music and performances, or go to the cinema. Australia also offers the unique experience of watching movies outdoors in an open-air cinema during the summer.

Many cities also have two or three large theatres and performing arts venues where students can see big commercial productions. Shows usually rotate every couple of months, so students should check what’s currently playing. 

Australians also love sports. The most popular sports in Australia are Australian football (Aussie Rules or AFL), rugby, soccer, and cricket. Most of these sports have a professional league, and teams play in stadiums. Australians like to attend these games live or watch them on TV.  The Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG) is the largest stadium in the southern hemisphere and has been home to the 1956 Summer Olympics, the 2006 Commonwealth Games, and two Cricket World Cups in 1992 and 2015. The MCG is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register and is included on the Australian National Heritage List. 

Australia also participates in many international sporting competitions such as the Olympics, Paralympics, the FIFA World Cup, and the Commonwealth Games. Australia hosted the Olympics in Melbourne in 1956 and in Sydney in 2000. Historically, Australian athletes have done well in many events, including swimming, field hockey, equestrian, and rowing.

Australia is one of the safest countries in the world. Incidents are rare, but they can still happen. Students should take the same degree of safety precautions as they’d use anywhere in the world.

Personal Safety

Here are some safety tips for life in Australia:

• Call 000 in any emergency. This is the central number for police, ambulance, and fire services throughout Australia.
• The sun in Australia is very strong, so always put on sunscreen, sunglasses, and a sun hat if you’re going to be outdoors for an extended period of time.
• It’s also important to stay hydrated. Tap water is safe to drink, and there are lots of public water fountains around major cities.
• Some local wildlife has a bite or sting which can be painful. It's smart to not touch any wildlife, understand which species are local(opens in a new tab) to the area, and shake out any shoes before putting them on. (That said, injury and mortality rates are much higher due to cars than snakes or spiders.)
• Australia is known for its beautiful beaches, but ocean currents can get dangerous. When going to the beach, always swim between the red and yellow flags that mark the area that is safe for swimming. These areas are patrolled by surf lifesavers. It’s also a good idea to always go to the beach with a friend.
• Public transit, including trains, buses, and taxis, are generally a safe way to get around.
• Walk with a friend when possible. Students should let a friend know if they’re going to be out late. Most institutions also have some form of security on campus and can accompany students after hours around campus and to bus stops and nearby housing.
• Keep personal belongings safe. Keep items such as a passport, cell phone, keys, money, and bank cards in pockets. If a student loses their bag, they’ll still have these valuable items on them. It’s also a good idea for students to keep these items in a safe place in their accommodations.